Question 1

The nurse is caring for a newborn in the special care nursery. The infant is positioned prone and has hydrocephalus. The nurse is especially careful to cleanse all stool after bowel movements. This care is most appropriate for an infant born with:

Accepted Answer

Infants with myelomeningocele have a neural tube defect that can cause hydrocephalus, which is an excess accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. These infants often have impaired bowel and bladder control and may require positioning and meticulous cleansing after bowel movements to prevent infection.

Question 2

The nurse is working with a family that just experienced the birth of their first child at 34 weeks. Which statements indicate that additional teaching is needed?

Accepted Answer

C,D,E

Question 3

Parents have been told their child has fetal alcohol syndrome. Which statement indicates that additional teaching is required?

Accepted Answer

Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a condition in a child that results from alcohol exposure during the mother's pregnancy. FAS causes brain damage and growth problems. The problems caused by FAS vary from child to child, but defects caused by FAS are not reversible. A statement like "Cuddling and rocking will help him stay calm" suggests a misunderstanding of the condition's complexity and the range of interventions required to support a child with FAS. While physical comfort measures like cuddling and rocking can be soothing, they do not address the underlying issues associated with FAS, indicating that additional teaching is required to fully understand the condition and its management.

Question 4

A 38-week newborn is found to be small for gestational age. Which of the following nursing interventions should be included in the care of this newborn?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A 38-week newborn is found to be...

Question 5

The nurse is assessing a 36-week gestational age newborn. Upon auscultation, she hears a late systolic murmur in the left intrascapular area with no femoral pulse but increased brachial pulses. What treatment should this infant receive?

Accepted Answer

The infant is presenting with signs of Coarctation of the Aorta (CoA). CoA is a narrowing of the aorta which can cause decreased blood flow to the lower extremities and increased blood flow to the upper extremities resulting in the increase of brachial pulses and absent or decreased femoral pulses. The late systolic murmur heard in the left intrascapular area is likely due to the increased flow across the narrowed aorta. Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) is given to maintain ductal patency and increase blood flow to the lower extremities until surgical resection of the aorta can be performed. The other options are not indicated for CoA. Indomethacin is used to close a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), Lanoxin is used mainly for heart rate control and palliative surgery followed by corrective surgery is not the treatment of choice for CoA.

Question 6

The nurse is caring for a newborn born to a drug-addicted mother. Which of the following assessment findings would be common for this newborn?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is caring for a newborn...

Question 7

The family of a newborn has just been told their infant has tetralogy of Fallot. The family does not seem to understand the explanation given by the physician. What statement by the nurse is best?

Accepted Answer

This answer provides a simple and clear explanation of tetralogy of Fallot that is easy for the family to understand. It also highlights the important consequence of the defect—lack of oxygen in the baby's body—so the family can appreciate the seriousness of the condition. The other answers are either too complex or not accurate descriptions of tetralogy of Fallot.

Question 8

The nurse is caring for a 2-hour-old newborn whose mother is diabetic. The nurse assesses that the newborn is experiencing tremors. What nursing action has the highest priority?

Accepted Answer

The tremors observed in the newborn may be due to hypoglycemia or hypocalcemia, which can occur in infants born to diabetic mothers. Obtaining a blood calcium level is the highest priority since low calcium levels can cause seizures and other serious complications. Obtaining a bilirubin level, taking the newborn's temperature, and placing a pulse oximeter are also important assessments, but they are not the highest priority in this situation.

Question 9

Small-for-gestational-age infants often have complications at birth, but they may also experience long-term complications. The long-term effect that is most likely to occur in SGA infants is:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Small-for-gestational-age infants often have complications at birth,...

Question 10

The nurse is caring for an infant with abdominal contents protruding out approximately at the location of the umbilicus. What is the primary mechanism used to differentiate between omphalocele or gastroschisis?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is caring for an infant...

Question 11

A 7 pound, 14 ounce girl was born to an insulin-dependent type 2 diabetic mother two hours ago. The infant's blood sugar is 45mg/dl. The best nursing action is:

Accepted Answer

The answer of A 7 pound, 14 ounce girl was...

Question 12

An infant was born at 31-weeks' gestation and weighed 1430 g. What is the correct initial feeding regimen for this infant?

Accepted Answer

The correct initial feeding regimen for a premature infant born at 31-weeks' gestation and weighing 1430 g is 20 mg/kg/day of premature formula 24 kcal/oz. This provides sufficient nutrients and calories for the infant's needs, taking into account their premature status and weight. Option A and C provide insufficient nutrients and/or calories for a premature infant, and option D provides too much protein and calories for their needs.

Question 13

The nurse is caring for pregnant patients. Which of these clients should the nurse anticipate is most likely to have a newborn at risk for mortality or morbidity?

Accepted Answer

The client is 37 years old, a multigravida, and works in a chemical factory. These factors increase the risk of mortality or morbidity for the newborn.

Question 14

Which of the following should be considered potentially infectious when providing nursing care for a newborn with an HIV-positive mother?

Accepted Answer

Soiled linens, urine, blood, and feces are all potentially infectious when providing nursing care for a newborn with an HIV-positive mother because they may contain the virus.

Quiz 27: The Newborn at Risk: Conditions Present at Birth