In Bacteria, a chromosome can be distinguished from a plasmid, because a chromosome is a genetic element that
A) is circular.
B) is linear.
C) encodes for essential functional genes.
D) replicates via a bidirectional fork.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Chromosomes are genetic elements that encode for essential functional genes, while plasmids are typically non-essential and carry accessory genes. Choices A and B are not a reliable way to distinguish the two, as both circular and linear DNA can exist as both chromosomes and plasmids. Choice D refers to the mechanism of DNA replication, which is not a defining characteristic of either chromosomes or plasmids.

In Bacteria, a Chromosome Can Be Distinguished from a Plasmid