Question 1

The near-perfect specificity (rare that a shock is advised or delivered inappropriately) and the high degree of sensitivity (recommends a shock 90% of the time when a shockable rhythm is present) assure a greater safety margin in the event that the device is applied to a person who is not in cardiac arrest.

Accepted Answer

The statement accurately describes the characteristics of a device with near-perfect specificity and high sensitivity, indicating it is highly reliable in determining when a shock is necessary, thus increasing safety for individuals it is used on.

Question 2

Approximately 2% of cardiac-related deaths do not involve structural deformity and are considered sudden arrhythmic death syndrome or autopsy-negative sudden unexplained death. These cases occur because of disruptions of the heart's electrical system. These disruptions include all of the following except _________.

Accepted Answer

A long P-wave indicates a delay in atrial depolarization, not a disruption of the heart's electrical system related to sudden arrhythmic death syndrome.

Question 3

There is a variety of structural diseases of the heart. Which of the following is the most common?

Accepted Answer

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the most common structural disease of the heart. It is a condition in which the heart muscle is thickened, which can lead to a variety of symptoms, including chest pain, shortness of breath, and fatigue.

Question 4

In considering cardiac injury prevention, athletic trainers should do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Athletic trainers play a crucial role in identifying early signs and symptoms of cardiovascular disease in athletes to prevent cardiac injury. Recognizing these signs allows for timely intervention and referral to medical professionals for further evaluation and management. Ignoring signs, only acting on athlete reports, or advising casual follow-up could lead to missed opportunities for early detection and intervention, potentially resulting in serious health outcomes.

Question 5

Which of the following groups of individuals should be trained in recognizing sudden cardiac arrest?

Accepted Answer

Sudden cardiac arrest can occur anywhere, including in schools and during sports events. Training a broad group, including athletic trainers, coaches, athletes, school medical personnel, and the entire school community, ensures a higher likelihood that someone capable of providing immediate help will be present, which can be crucial in saving lives.

Question 6

Although widespread cardiac screening is part of policy when it comes to preparticipation screenings, the process has been of low yield in general. Which of the following explains this statement?

Accepted Answer

The occult (hidden) nature of some heart conditions makes them difficult to detect in routine screenings, leading to a low yield in identifying potential cardiac issues during widespread cardiac screening processes.

Question 7

Automated or automatic external defibrillators _____________.

Accepted Answer

Automated or automatic external defibrillators (AEDs) are designed for simplicity and ease of use, allowing even untrained bystanders to operate them in emergencies. They are battery-operated, eliminating the need for an outlet, and provide both visual and audible instructions to guide the user through the process. Some models may require the operator to press a button to deliver the shock after the device analyzes the patient's heart rhythm and determines a shock is necessary, hence option D is correct.

Question 8

Which of the following statements is true regarding seizurelike activity and cardiac arrest?

Accepted Answer

All the statements are true. Seizures can occur due to the cessation of blood flow to the brain, agonal respirations may follow a seizure, and the presence of agonal respirations does not necessarily indicate a functioning heartbeat.

Question 9

When an individual suddenly collapses, there is a high likelihood that the person is unconscious.

Accepted Answer

When an individual suddenly collapses, it often indicates a sudden loss of consciousness or a significant medical issue, leading to the high likelihood that the person is unconscious.

Question 10

Although many episodes of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) are not preventable, which of the following steps should be taken in an effort to prevent SCA episodes?

Accepted Answer

All of the choices listed are important steps in an effort to prevent sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) episodes. Counseling on avoiding harmful substances, emphasizing proper nutrition and rest, being vigilant for signs of underlying conditions, and encouraging the reporting of symptoms can all contribute to reducing the risk of SCA.

Question 11

In order to use an automated external defibrillator (AED), you must have detailed knowledge and understanding when it comes to electrocardiogram (ECG) waveforms and cardiac arrhythmias.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In order to use an automated external...

Question 12

An automated external defibrillator (AED) utilizes computer algorithms to analyze electrocardiogram (ECG) waveforms to determine whether a shock is necessary. Which of the following arrhythmias are AEDs set to defibrillate?

Accepted Answer

The answer of An automated external defibrillator (AED) utilizes computer...

Question 13

Which of the following are potential signs and symptoms of underlying cardiac conditions that should be identified during a preseason screening?

Accepted Answer

All of the listed options (Syncope, Palpitations, Exertional dyspnea, Exertional chest pain) are potential signs and symptoms of underlying cardiac conditions that should be identified during a preseason screening.

Question 14

Which of the following are considered as the chain of survival when managing a sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) victim?

Accepted Answer

The chain of survival for managing a sudden cardiac arrest includes early recognition of SCA and calling for emergency assistance (9-1-1), performing early CPR, using a defibrillator for early defibrillation, and providing early advanced life support. This comprehensive approach maximizes the chances of survival and recovery.

Question 15

Ventilation aids ____________________.

Accepted Answer

Ventilation aids are not absolutely necessary to perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation, as it can be done directly, but they do offer protection against blood and bodily fluid exposure, enhancing safety for the rescuer.

Question 16

Performance-enhancing and recreational substances including anabolic steroids, ma huang, bitter orange, and cocaine are predisposing factors to sudden cardiac arrest.

Accepted Answer

These substances can increase heart rate and blood pressure, potentially leading to arrhythmias and sudden cardiac arrest.

Question 17

As the basketball team's athletic trainer, you are sitting on the sidelines during the game. Part way through the first half, one of your athletes falls to the court in an unprotected manner. Play stops and you immediately go out onto the court. There are a number of things running through your head. Of the options below, what is the appropriate order of these steps?
1) Assess level of consciousness
2) Initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
3) Assess breathing and circulation
4) Have automated external defibrillator (AED) brought to athlete's side
5) Activate emergency medical services (EMS)

Accepted Answer

First, assess the level of consciousness (1). Then, assess breathing and circulation (3). If necessary, activate EMS (5), initiate CPR (2), and have the AED brought to the athlete's side (4).

Question 18

When considering the emergency action plan (EAP) that should be in place to aid in managing sudden cardiac arrest (SCA), which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

Emergency action plans (EAPs) for managing sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) should include responders trained in CPR, automated external defibrillator (AED) use, and first aid to ensure a comprehensive response to emergencies. This approach enhances the chances of survival and proper care during such critical incidents.

Question 19

Which of the following statements is true with regard to where an automated external defibrillator (AED) should be located?

Accepted Answer

An AED should be located in accessible places that are agreed upon, ensuring quick access during emergencies.

Question 20

When a collapsed person is observed, what steps should the athletic trainer take to manage the situation?

Accepted Answer

D is correct because it outlines a comprehensive approach to managing a collapsed person, including assessing consciousness, activating emergency services, starting CPR if there's no pulse, and preparing to use an AED, which are critical steps in emergency response.

Quiz 4: Sudden Cardiac Death