Why Did Universalizing Religions Fail to Arise in Sub-Saharan Africa

Why did universalizing religions fail to arise in sub-Saharan Africa or Mesoamerica?

A) People in these areas had not yet developed urban life.
B) People in these areas were concerned with pragmatic issues of survival and had no opportunity to create religious systems.
C) It was difficult for ideas,peoples,or institutions to circulate broadly because of geographical barriers.
D) Religious beliefs in these areas were too closely tied to local caste and kin structures to be able to diffuse outside of a limited region.