Which of the Following Is an Example of Vicarious Punishment

Which of the following is an example of vicarious punishment?

A) Belinda saw Mavis receive a hug for cleaning his room. She is careful to clean her room because she saw Mavis get a reward for doing it.
B) Jeong observes his sister Bronwyn getting spanked for spitting out her carrots. Because he does not like getting spanked, he chews and swallows the carrots even though he hates them.
C) Job wants to avoid being fired, so he follows the shop rules and does not smoke in the bathroom.
D) Laurie wants to receive a smiley sticker and she knows from reading the rulebook that she will receive one if she behaves herself.