In the short run, fiscal and monetary policy cause unemployment and inflation to move in opposite directions because

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In the short run, both fiscal and monetary policies primarily influence aggregate demand. Fiscal policy does so through government spending and taxation, while monetary policy influences it through controlling the money supply and interest rates. Changes in aggregate demand can lead to movements in both inflation and unemployment, typically in opposite directions according to the Phillips curve concept.

In the Short Run, Fiscal and Monetary Policy Cause Unemployment