Gick and Holyoak (1980) found no difference in problem solving performance between subjects who read an analogous problem story prior to solving a problem and participants who did not.

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Gick and Holyoak (1980) found that subjects who read an analogous problem story prior to solving a target problem performed better in finding the solution compared to participants who did not read the analogous story. This study demonstrated the importance of analogical transfer in problem solving.

Gick and Holyoak (1980) Found No Difference in Problem Solving