The residual $r _ { i }$ is defined as the difference between the actual value $y _ { i }$ and the estimated value $\hat { y } _ { i }$ .

Question

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The residual $r _ { i }$ in regression analysis is indeed defined as the difference between the actual observed value $y _ { i }$ and the predicted or estimated value $\hat { y } _ { i }$, expressed as $r _ { i } = y _ { i } - \hat { y } _ { i }$.

The Residual rir _ { i }ri​ Is Defined as the Difference Between the Actual Value

The Residual $r _ { i }$ Is Defined as the Difference Between the Actual Value