Stratified sampling is preferred over cluster sampling when it is difficult or costly to develop a complete list of the population members.

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Stratified sampling requires a complete list of the population to ensure each subgroup (stratum) is represented, whereas cluster sampling is more practical when it's difficult or costly to obtain a complete list, as it involves randomly selecting clusters from a list of all clusters and then sampling within those clusters.

Stratified Sampling Is Preferred Over Cluster Sampling When It Is