Émile Durkheim, French sociologist of religion, defined religion as:

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Durkheim believed that religion was a social phenomenon which provided a sense of solidarity and unity among its followers. He identified religion as a unified system of beliefs and practices which united individuals into a single moral community. Option A (which was coined by George Bernard Shaw) is a poetic but subjective definition of religion. Option B emphasizes on uncertainty rather than the communal nature of religion. Option D is based on a personal belief and does not reflect the objective nature of religion as Durkheim perceived it. Durkheim believed that religion is not just a set of individual beliefs or private matters, but rather a social phenomenon that brings people together in a unified moral community. He believed that this social integration was the primary function of religion.

ÉMile Durkheim, French Sociologist of Religion, Defined Religion As