Question 1

Membership in coercive organizations is largely involuntary.

Accepted Answer

Coercive organizations, such as prisons or the military (in the case of conscription), typically involve membership that individuals cannot refuse or leave freely, making participation largely involuntary.

Question 2

A bureaucracy is a formal organization designed to accomplish goals and tasks in an efficient and rational way.

Accepted Answer

A bureaucracy is indeed a formal organization structured to efficiently and rationally achieve goals and tasks through a clear hierarchy, division of labor, and set of rules and procedures.

Question 3

Martha is wrong in expecting her choir group, with whom she interacts infrequently, to adhere to group norms when interacting with her.

Accepted Answer

Group norms can still influence behavior even in groups that meet infrequently, as members often conform to these norms to maintain harmony and cohesion within the group.

Question 4

Unlike members of an in-group, members of an out-group share a sense of identity and "we-ness."

Accepted Answer

Members of an in-group share a sense of identity and "we-ness," not members of an out-group. The in-group is where individuals identify themselves as part of the same group, while the out-group consists of those perceived as different or apart from one's own group.

Question 5

A dyad is the most cohesive of all groups.

Accepted Answer

A dyad, which is a group of two members, tends to be the most cohesive because the relationship is very direct and intense, with each member having a significant influence on the other, allowing for strong bonds to form.

Question 6

The type of communication followed in a bureaucracy is one of its strengths.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The type of communication followed in a...

Question 7

Solomon Asch's research demonstrated the power of groups over individuals.

Accepted Answer

Solomon Asch's experiments on conformity in the 1950s demonstrated how social pressure from a majority group could influence an individual to conform, highlighting the significant impact of group dynamics on individual behavior.

Question 8

Charles is a democratic leader. He is most likely to be viewed as controlling and bossy.

Accepted Answer

Democratic leaders typically encourage group participation, share decision-making with others, and are less likely to be viewed as controlling and bossy compared to autocratic leaders.

Question 9

A formal organization is a complex and structured primary group designed to achieve specific goals in an efficient manner.

Accepted Answer

A formal organization is indeed complex and structured to achieve specific goals efficiently, but it is considered a secondary group, not a primary group. Primary groups are typically characterized by close, personal, and enduring relationships.

Question 10

Which of the following statements defines a social group?

Accepted Answer

A social group is defined by the interaction among individuals who share some common attributes, distinguishing it from formal organizations or systems designed for specific functions or needs.

Question 11

Rachel's friends from her biology class, with whom she interacts only in school, form her secondary group.

Accepted Answer

Secondary groups are larger and more impersonal than primary groups, often formed around specific activities or objectives, such as classmates in a biology class with whom one interacts primarily in a school setting.

Question 12

An out-group can become a reference group.

Accepted Answer

An out-group can become a reference group if individuals begin to identify with or aspire to the norms and values of the out-group, thereby using it as a standard for evaluating their behaviors or attitudes.

Question 13

Secondary groups meet one's expressive needs.

Accepted Answer

Secondary groups are focused on meeting instrumental needs, such as achieving a goal or task, rather than expressive needs, which involve emotional support and personal fulfillment.

Question 14

From a functionalist perspective, investing more in workers than equipment is a rational bureaucratic response to the rising costs of health care benefits and economic competition from other countries.

Accepted Answer

From a functionalist perspective, investing more in workers or equipment would be seen as rational based on how it contributes to the efficiency, stability, and productivity of the organization, rather than being a direct response to rising healthcare costs or international competition. The decision would be based on the overall functioning and needs of the organization.

Question 15

A social network is a web of social ties that links individuals or groups to one another.

Accepted Answer

A social network indeed refers to the structure made up of individuals or organizations that are connected by one or more specific types of interdependency, such as friendship, kinship, common interest, financial exchange, dislike, sexual relationships, or relationships of beliefs, knowledge, or prestige.

Question 16

Lilian, her siblings, and her cousins attend the same school. She has recently joined her school's literary club. Since then, Lilian discusses the books she reads with her two best friends whom she meets every day. Who among the following form Lilian's secondary group?

Accepted Answer

Secondary groups are larger and more impersonal than primary groups, often organized around a specific goal or activity. Lilian's literary club members fit this description as they are likely to be more formal and goal-oriented compared to her family or best friends.

Question 17

Communication between members of a primary group is emotional, personal, and satisfying.

Accepted Answer

Primary groups, such as family and close friends, engage in communication that is emotional, personal, and satisfying because these relationships are characterized by strong emotional ties, intimacy, and a deep sense of belonging.

Question 18

A primary group is a large group of people who interact with one another over a short period of time.

Accepted Answer

A primary group is typically a small, close-knit group of people who interact over a long period of time, such as family or close friends, not a large group interacting briefly.

Question 19

The Stanford Prison Experiment underscores the influence of groups on behavior.

Accepted Answer

The Stanford Prison Experiment, conducted by Philip Zimbardo in 1971, demonstrated how social roles and group dynamics can significantly influence individuals' behavior, highlighting the power of situational forces over personal attributes.

Question 20

In the context of social networks, Internet users are less likely to participate in groups than non-Internet users.

Accepted Answer

Internet users are more likely to participate in social networks and groups online due to easier access and the vast availability of communities catering to a wide range of interests.

Quiz 6: Social Groups, Organizations, and Social Institutions