Question 1

In the general population of the United States, women experience MDD more frequently than men do. Which of the following is cited in the textbook as a possible contributing factor?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the general population of the United...

Question 2

What is the ratio of the incidence of schizophrenia in members of lower socioeconomic groups compared to higher socioeconomic groups?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the ratio of the incidence...

Question 3

Which of the following is true regarding the prevalence of major depressive disorder?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is true regarding...

Question 4

The symptoms of depression that occur in a person diagnosed with bipolar disorder are

Accepted Answer

The symptoms of depression in bipolar disorder are the same as those in major depressive disorder, including feelings of sadness, loss of interest in activities, changes in appetite or weight, sleep disturbances, and feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt.

Question 5

African immigrants living in London neighborhoods were more likely to be diagnosed with schizophrenia if they lived in a neighborhood with a low proportion of African immigrants than if they lived in neighborhood with higher proportions of minorities (Boydell et al., 2001). According to the text, what do these findings suggest?

Accepted Answer

The findings suggest that the stress of social isolation due to minority status might contribute to the risk of schizophrenia, as indicated by the higher diagnosis rates in neighborhoods with low proportions of African immigrants.

Question 6

Which of the following is true regarding the role of dopamine in schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

The dopamine system has long been implicated in the development of schizophrenia, and abnormalities in dopamine receptors and neurotransmitter levels have been identified in many cases. However, it is important to note that the dopamine hypothesis is not the only explanation for the disorder, and other factors such as genetic predisposition and environmental stressors may also play a role. None of the other answer choices accurately represent the current understanding of dopamine's role in schizophrenia.

Question 7

What is bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder characterized by alternating periods of mania and depression.

Question 8

Mania, unlike many other disorders, actually

Accepted Answer

Mania actually increases productive and goal-directed behavior, which can be seen as an increase in energy and motivation. Option A is incorrect, as mania can often cause someone to talk excessively and interrupt others. Option B is incorrect, as mania can often lead to grandiosity and a sense of self-importance. Option C is incorrect, as mania is often associated with risk-taking behavior.

Question 9

Of the following, who is demonstrating mania?

Accepted Answer

Dakota is exhibiting symptoms of mania by being excessively cheerful and talking rapidly to strangers. This behavior is often associated with bipolar disorder. Imogen may be exhibiting anger or irritability, but not necessarily mania. Courtney's euphoria could be a normal response to an upcoming wedding, and Andie's aggression is more indicative of alcohol-induced behavior rather than mania.

Question 10

Richard is 16 and his older brother Tommy is 18. Their oldest sister is in her twenties and is showing signs that the doctors now believe are related to schizophrenia. Richard, Tommy, and their friends enjoy relaxing by holding blues-based guitar jam sessions and smoking marijuana. How might this affect Richard and Tommy's risk of developing schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Richard is 16 and his older brother...

Question 11

Concordance rates among identical twins for bipolar disorder are commonly reported to be

Accepted Answer

The answer of Concordance rates among identical twins for bipolar...

Question 12

Who, of the following, falls within the group most likely to have the lowest rate of bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that populations with high fish consumption (such as in Korea) have lower rates of bipolar disorder. Omega-3 supplements (choice C) have also been found to be helpful in treating bipolar disorder, but it is not clear if they can prevent the disorder from developing. Vegetables and tomatoes (choices A and D) have not been specifically linked to lower rates of bipolar disorder.

Question 13

The parts of the brain that are affected in bipolar disorder are similar to those seen in cases of

Accepted Answer

Frontotemporal dementia is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain, which are also areas that are affected in bipolar disorder. Huntington's disease primarily affects the basal ganglia of the brain, while Parkinson's disease affects the substantia nigra. Broca's aphasia is a language disorder caused by damage to the left frontal lobe of the brain, which is not typically associated with bipolar disorder.

Question 14

Frank and Marie have been married for over 40 years. The marriage started out with very little conflict, and Frank was happy to please Marie. However, as the years have passed, no matter what Frank does, Marie criticizes him: his appearance, his opinions, his cooking, the gifts he buys for her, and all of his other actions. At this point Frank is feeling more and more discouraged despite his best efforts to make her happy. This is likely a case of

Accepted Answer

This situation is most likely an example of learned helplessness. Frank has learned that no matter what he does, he cannot please Marie, and therefore he feels helpless to make any positive changes in their relationship. This can lead to feelings of discouragement and depression over time.

Question 15

Who of the following is among a group that seems to have a disproportionate risk for bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that creative individuals, such as actors and artists, may have a higher risk for bipolar disorder. Amy Adams, as an actress, may be among this group. LeBron James, Mike Pence, and Larry Page are not necessarily associated with this risk.

Question 16

Women experience depression more frequently than men do. This discrepancy between rates of depression in men and women has been observed to

Accepted Answer

The statement indicates that the discrepancy between rates of depression in men and women is independent of race, ethnicity, social class, and country of residence, so the best choice is A.

Question 17

Blake is an accomplished vocalist and dreams of performing on a nationally televised talent show someday. After a series of unsuccessful auditions and remaining unselected to advance in the program's screening process, he tells his parents that he was never very good, he will never make it into the vocalist competition, and singing is a waste of time anyway. Inside he begins to think that he will never be happy doing anything but singing, and that he must be a huge failure. His parents worry that he is becoming depressed. Blake's psychological state fits with the

Accepted Answer

Blake's thoughts about his own abilities and the belief that he is a failure are consistent with the cognitive theory of depression, which suggests that negative thought patterns contribute to the development and maintenance of depressive symptoms.

Question 18

Lenny, who is 9 years old, has many of the symptoms of bipolar disorder. Which of the following would be the most appropriate diagnosis for Lenny according to DSM-5 ?

Accepted Answer

According to DSM-5, children under the age of 12 cannot be diagnosed with bipolar disorder. Instead, they may be diagnosed with disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, which includes symptoms such as severe temper outbursts, irritability, and persistent negative moods. Bipolar I and II disorders are not appropriate diagnoses for Lenny given his age. Mixed psychoaffective disorder is not a recognized diagnosis in DSM-5.

Question 19

Teens typically experience a burst of cortical gray matter growth at puberty followed by a wave of gray matter loss extending into their early twenties. Teens diagnosed with schizophrenia experience

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that teens diagnosed with schizophrenia experience a significant loss of cortical gray matter, particularly in the frontal and temporal lobes. This loss is more severe and extensive than the typical wave of gray matter loss experienced by healthy teenagers and has been likened to a forest fire.

Question 20

What is the ratio of women to men affected by bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the ratio of women to...

Quiz 14: The Troubled Mind Psychological Disorders