Which writer redefined "jihad" as violent opposition to the West rather than as personal struggle?

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Sayyid Qutb, an Egyptian author, Islamist theorist, and leading member of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood in the 1950s and 60s, significantly influenced modern Islamic extremism. His works, especially "Milestones," reinterpreted jihad as not only a personal, spiritual struggle but also as a violent struggle against perceived enemies of Islam, including the West. This marked a departure from traditional interpretations of jihad.

Which Writer Redefined "Jihad" as Violent Opposition to the West