The nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions with a client following a partial gastrectomy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include to prevent dumping syndrome? Select all that apply.

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11ecbb05_c995_7b7a_b433_c9e212fd4bb5_MD0009_00 Following a partial gastrectomy, many clients experience dumping syndrome, which occurs when gastric contents empty too rapidly into the duodenum, causing a fluid shift into the small intestine. This results in hypotension, abdominal pain, nausea/vomiting, dizziness, generalized sweating, and tachycardia. The symptoms usually diminish over time. Recommendations to delay gastric emptying include: Consume meals high in fat, protein, and fiber, which take more time to digest and remain in the stomach longer than carbohydrates (Option A). These foods also help meet the body's energy needs. Avoid consuming fluids with meals because this causes stomach contents to pass faster into the jejunum, which worsens symptoms. Fluid intake should occur up to 30 minutes before or after meals. Slowly consume small, frequent meals to reduce the amount of food in the stomach (Option C). Avoid meals high in simple carbohydrates (eg, sugar, syrup) because these may trigger symptoms when the carbohydrates break down into simple sugars. Avoid sitting up after a meal because gravity increases gastric emptying. Instead, lying down after meals is encouraged (Option E). (Option B) Avoid meals high in simple carbohydrates because these may trigger dumping syndrome. (Option D) Avoid consuming fluids with meals to reduce the risk of dumping syndrome. Educational objective: Dumping syndrome is a complication of gastrectomy. To delay gastric emptying and reduce the risk of dumping syndrome, clients should consume meals low in carbohydrates and high in fiber, proteins, and fats; avoid fluids during meals; eat small, frequent meals; and lie down after eating.

The Nurse Is Reinforcing Discharge Instructions with a Client Following