The nurse is teaching a client with newly diagnosed lactase deficiency about dietary management. Which statements by the client indicate a correct understanding of this condition? Select all that apply.

Question

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Clients with lactase deficiency (lactose intolerance) experience varying degrees of gastrointestinal symptoms after ingesting milk products, including flatulence, diarrhea, bloating, and cramping. This is due to a deficiency of the enzyme lactase, which is required for digestion of lactose. Treatment includes restricting lactose-containing foods in the diet. These clients may also take lactase enzyme replacements (eg, Lactaid) to decrease symptoms (Option D). Supplementation of calcium and vitamin D is recommended due to insufficient intake of fortified milk (Option B). Milk and ice cream contain the highest amounts of lactose and should be restricted depending on the client's individual tolerance (Option C). Some dairy products, including aged cheeses and live-culture yogurts, contain little to no lactose and can be tolerated by most clients with lactase deficiency (Option A). (Option E) Lactase deficiency is not an immune reaction (allergy) to milk products. Rather, the gastrointestinal symptoms are due to a deficiency of the enzyme lactase and the resultant inability to digest lactose. Educational objective: Clients with lactase deficiency can prevent unpleasant gastrointestinal symptoms by avoiding lactose-containing dairy products (eg, milk, ice cream), eating cheese or yogurt in moderation, and supplementing with lactase enzymes. Vitamin D and calcium supplementation is also recommended.

The Nurse Is Teaching a Client with Newly Diagnosed Lactase