A client newly diagnosed with osteomalacia is reviewing home care instructions with the nurse. Which statements indicate the need for further instruction? Select all that apply.

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Osteomalacia is a reversible bone disorder caused by vitamin D deficiency and is characterized by weak, soft, and painful bones that can easily fracture or become deformed. In vitamin D deficiency, calcium and phosphorus cannot be absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and are unavailable for calcification of bone tissue. Vitamin D deficiency is also associated with increased risk of falls, especially in elderly clients, due to muscle weakness. Nursing management focuses on: Implementing safety measures such as canes or walkers to prevent falls and injury (Option E) Encouraging light to moderate activity, which can help promote bone strength and health (Option C) Increasing dietary intake of: Calcium (eg, leafy green vegetables, dairy) (Option A) Phosphorus (eg, milk, organ meats, nuts, fish, poultry, whole grains) Vitamin D (eg, vitamin D-fortified milk and cereal, egg yolks, saltwater fish, liver); exposure to sunlight is also recommended as it synthesizes vitamin D (Options B and D) Taking over-the-counter or prescription supplemental vitamin D Educational objective: Osteomalacia occurs when the body is unable to use calcium and phosphorus for bone calcification due to a vitamin D deficiency. Nursing management focuses on implementing safety measures, encouraging activity, and increasing intake of vitamin D, calcium, and phosphorus.

A Client Newly Diagnosed with Osteomalacia Is Reviewing Home Care