Environmental determinism was used as a justification for European colonial activity.

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Environmental determinism, the belief that the physical environment, including the climate and geography of a region, predetermines the cultural and societal development of its inhabitants, was historically used as a justification for European colonialism. It suggested that Europeans were naturally superior due to their temperate environment, which supposedly led to higher levels of civilization, thus legitimizing the domination and exploitation of peoples in "less favorable" climates.

Environmental Determinism Was Used as a Justification for European Colonial