Question 1

Who developed the concept of the Panopticon?

Accepted Answer

Jeremy Bentham developed the concept of the Panopticon, which is a design for a prison where all inmates can be observed by a single watchman without the inmates being able to tell whether or not they are being watched.

Question 2

What was the name of the supranational intelligence gathering organization consisting of an intelligence alliance between Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United Stats, that operated outside of national regulatory frameworks?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is C) Five Eyes. This is an intelligence alliance comprising Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States. These countries share intelligence to protect their national security and interests, operating beyond the confines of their individual national regulatory frameworks.

Question 3

Who leaked highly confidential information on the surveillance practices of the United States government to the media, embarrassing the CIA?

Accepted Answer

Edward Snowden leaked highly confidential information on the surveillance practices of the United States government to the media, which was a significant embarrassment for the CIA.

Question 4

Lyon and Zureik (1996) outlined three main perspectives that influence our understanding of surveillance. What are they?

Accepted Answer

Lyon and Zureik (1996) identified capitalism, rationalization, and power as the three main perspectives that influence our understanding of surveillance, highlighting the economic, organizational, and authority aspects respectively.

Question 5

Which of the following is the best example of analysis of surveillance based on political economic theory?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is the best...

Question 6

Who originally developed the concepts of rationalization and bureaucratization?

Accepted Answer

Max Weber is credited with developing the concepts of rationalization and bureaucratization, which are key components of his theory on the development of modern societies.

Question 7

Which of the following statements is true with regards to the study of technology and the new surveillance?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements is true...

Question 8

___________ range from single individuals to loosely linked networks of people who gather around a target or idea to tightly organized groups.

Accepted Answer

Hacktivist groups can vary widely in their organization, from single individuals to loosely linked networks of people who gather around a target or idea, to tightly organized groups. These groups use technology to promote political ends or social change.

Question 9

In the study by Quan-Haase and Elueze, what privacy protection strategy did older adults in East York, Toronto who had limited knowledge of social media report employing to actively counter potential privacy threats?

Accepted Answer

Older adults in East York, Toronto with limited knowledge of social media reported using pseudonyms as a privacy protection strategy to actively counter potential privacy threats. This approach allows them to engage on social media platforms while maintaining a level of anonymity and safeguarding their personal information.

Question 10

What is the term for the idea that control over people can be achieved simply through surveillance?

Accepted Answer

Hierarchical observation refers to the concept where control over individuals or groups is maintained through the means of surveillance, implying that the mere possibility of being watched ensures conformity to expected behaviors. This idea is closely associated with Michel Foucault's discussions on power and discipline in society.

Question 11

When someone chooses not to shoplift because they are unsure whether there is a camera watching them, it is an example of which process of control?

Accepted Answer

This scenario is an example of "Automatization of power," where the potential presence of surveillance (like a camera) influences behavior without the need for direct intervention or enforcement. This concept is related to the idea of a "panopticon," where the possibility of being watched ensures compliance with rules or norms.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT an example of the new surveillance?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is NOT an...

Question 13

The case that showed how legal frameworks can make data practices more visible was:

Accepted Answer

The case of Europe vs. Facebook highlighted how legal frameworks, particularly those related to privacy and data protection, can make the practices of companies in handling user data more transparent and subject to scrutiny. This case involved various legal challenges and investigations into Facebook's data practices, emphasizing the importance of legal mechanisms in ensuring corporate accountability in the digital age.

Question 14

What did a 2004 study of privacy perceptions by Viseu, Clement, and Aspinall find?

Accepted Answer

The study found that most Internet users were not concerned about online privacy because they did not believe privacy violations would directly affect them.

Question 15

What important distinction does literature on digital surveillance make?

Accepted Answer

The literature on digital surveillance often distinguishes between immediate privacy threats, which are current and ongoing, and future privacy threats, which may arise as technology and surveillance capabilities evolve.

Question 16

Safe harbour was ended by the European Court of Justice? What practice describes safe harbour best?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Safe harbour was ended by the European...

Question 17

What is the name of the decentralized hacktivist group that does not follow directives but instead operates on ideas?

Accepted Answer

Anonymous is known as a decentralized hacktivist group that operates based on ideas rather than following directives from a central authority.

Question 18

What do Singer and Friedman describe as possibly ranging from single individuals, to loosely linked networks of people who gather around a target or idea, to tightly organized groups?

Accepted Answer

Singer and Friedman describe hacktivist groups as varying in organization from single individuals to loosely linked networks or tightly organized groups, centered around a specific target or idea.

Question 19

There is an increasing trend of surveillance of everyone and by everyone on social media. What does Tufekci call this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

The answer of There is an increasing trend of surveillance...

Question 20

What is the term for a form of counter-surveillance that empowers those subjected to institutional, state, and corporate surveillance practices?

Accepted Answer

Sousveillance is the term used to describe a form of counter-surveillance that empowers individuals who are subjected to institutional, state, and corporate surveillance practices. It involves the recording of an activity by a participant in the activity, typically by way of small wearable or portable personal technologies.

Quiz 11: The Surveillance Society