There is a metaphor of a pasture held "in common". All farmers act on their own self-interest and add additional cows to the field to optimize their own welfare / self-interest. This leads to over-grazing and loss of a farmer's own herd and their own self-interest/ welfare is compromised. This is an example of:

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The scenario described is a classic example of the "Tragedy of the Commons," where individuals acting in their own self-interest deplete a shared resource, leading to long-term collective loss.

There Is a Metaphor of a Pasture Held "In Common