Question 1

Klüver and Bucy removed an area of the brain of a rhesus monkey.The monkey is now extremely friendly,explores objects that he used to fear,and puts everything in his mouth.The area of the monkey's brain that was removed was the:

Accepted Answer

The amygdala is responsible for emotional responses, including fear and aggression. Its removal can lead to changes in behavior, such as increased friendliness and lack of fear. The other areas listed are also important for various functions, but do not have as direct a role in emotional behavior.

Question 2

According to the concept of reciprocal helping,altruism is adaptive because it increases the person's:

Accepted Answer

Reciprocal helping refers to helping another individual with the expectation that help will be returned in the future. By helping others, individuals can increase their chances of survival. For example, if an individual helps another by sharing food or protecting them from a predator, the other individual may return the favor in the future, which can increase the helping individual's chances of survival. Therefore, altruism is adaptive because it can increase an individual's probability of survival.

Question 3

Which of the following predictions would the kin selection hypothesis make?

Accepted Answer

The kin selection hypothesis predicts that individuals will behave in a way that increases the reproductive success of their close genetic relatives. A childless couple helping their siblings' children is an example of such behavior, as the children are close genetic relatives. The other choices do not necessarily relate to the kin selection hypothesis.

Question 4

The idea of reciprocal helping applies best to which of the following situations?

Accepted Answer

Reciprocal helping refers to a situation where two individuals help each other. Option A fits this description as the student is helping her lab partner, who may in turn help her in the future. Options B, C, and D involve a one-way helping scenario where one person is helping the other without the expectation of receiving help in return.

Question 5

Aggression may be influenced by:

Accepted Answer

Aggression is a complex behavior that can be influenced by various factors such as culture, brain regions such as the amygdala, and neurotransmitters such as serotonin. Therefore, the best choice is D, all of the above.

Question 6

Cross-cultural comparisons of levels of violence support the conclusion that:

Accepted Answer

Cross-cultural comparisons consistently show that cultural factors, such as the cultural acceptance or rejection of violence, strongly influence rates of violence in a given society. This suggests that aggression is largely learned, rather than innate or genetically determined.

Question 7

Dillon was late getting to the airport because of a big accident on the highway.He has now been waiting on the security line for almost an hour,and he may miss his flight.The baggage inspector flags Dillon's bag to be hand searched.Though Dillon is usually very even tempered,he starts to yell abusively at the man.Dillon's behavior can be readily explained by:

Accepted Answer

The frustration-aggression hypothesis proposes that frustration often leads to aggression, especially when the person perceives the situation to be unfair or when they feel powerless. In this scenario, Dillon's frustration at the delay and potential for missing his flight may have led to his aggressive behavior towards the baggage inspector.

Question 8

According to the idea of kin selection,Hannah is most likely to behave altruistically toward her:

Accepted Answer

Kin selection theory posits that individuals should be more likely to behave altruistically toward their genetic relatives (those who share many of their genes) because helping those relatives increases the chances that those shared genes will be passed down through future generations. Since Hannah's brother's son shares many of her genes, she is more likely to behave altruistically toward him than toward her husband, who is less closely related genetically, or her adopted daughter or stepson, who are not genetically related to her at all.

Question 9

One example of a prosocial behavior is:

Accepted Answer

Prosocial behavior encompasses a wide range of actions that benefit others. Doing favors, offering assistance, and paying compliments are all examples of prosocial behaviors. Therefore, the best choice is D, all of the above.

Question 10

The behavior of participants in Milgram's obedience studies is distressing.Why might it also be adaptive?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The behavior of participants in Milgram's obedience...

Question 11

In the cognitive-neoassociationistic model,frustration leads to aggression by which of the following paths?

Accepted Answer

According to the cognitive-neoassociationistic model, frustration leads to negative affect or emotion, which then influences related cognitions or thoughts, leading to aggressive behavior. So, option B is the correct sequence of paths in the model.

Question 12

Jayden has just received a large bill for his recent surgery and a letter from his insurance company denying coverage for the surgery.Jayden has no idea how he will pay the doctor's bill,and he feels angry and helpless.According to the cognitive-neoassociationistic model,Jayden is most likely to respond to his mail aggressively if he:

Accepted Answer

Watching a violent movie can prime aggressive thoughts and feelings, making Jayden more likely to respond aggressively according to the cognitive-neoassociationistic model.

Question 13

Men raised in the South in the 1970s responded to verbally aggressive behavior by a confederate in a psychology study by:

Accepted Answer

Men raised in the South in the 1970s were socialized to value masculinity, dominance, and aggression. Therefore, they were more likely to respond to verbally aggressive behavior by acting in a more aggressive or dominant manner themselves, rather than engaging in violence or refusing to participate. Challenging the confederate's behavior may also be a possibility, but it is not listed as a choice.

Question 14

Which of the following actions is NOT associated with low levels of serotonin in people?

Accepted Answer

Criminal behavior in adult males is not associated with low levels of serotonin.

Question 15

The idea of inclusive fitness is designed to explain the problem that:

Accepted Answer

Inclusive fitness explains how altruistic behavior can evolve if it increases the survival and reproductive success of relatives, thereby indirectly benefiting the altruist's own genetic contribution to future generations.

Question 16

Shaina is walking to class when she sees a woman drop a large bag of groceries.Shaina is not inclined to help until the woman looks directly at her.Shaina then goes over to pick up groceries because she:

Accepted Answer

When the woman looks directly at Shaina, she loses her anonymity, making her feel more responsible to help.

Question 17

Whose behavior is LEAST likely to be prevented by an antidepressant that raises levels of serotonin?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Whose behavior is LEAST likely to be...

Question 18

If the amygdala of a cat is stimulated with an electric probe,the cat will _____; if the amygdala of a cat is damaged,the cat will _____.

Accepted Answer

Stimulating the amygdala in cats can cause aggression, fear, or defensive behavior, which can result in the cat attacking. Damaging the amygdala can result in a lack of emotional response or a passive demeanor. Therefore, (B) is the correct answer. A, C, and D are all incorrect because they do not reflect the known functions of the amygdala in cats.

Question 19

The notion of kin selection argues that we are:

Accepted Answer

The notion of kin selection argues that individuals are more likely to exhibit altruistic behaviors towards those who share their genes, as it increases the likelihood of those shared genes being passed on to future generations. This concept has been shown to be particularly strong among close relatives, such as siblings or offspring, as they are more likely to share a higher percentage of their genes compared to more distant relatives.

Question 20

Monkeys with low levels of serotonin have been found to:

Accepted Answer

The question specifically mentions that monkeys with low levels of serotonin engage in self-destructive behavior, which eliminates options A and C. Option B is not the best choice because it only mentions picking fights with larger monkeys, but not poor social skills. Therefore, the best option is D, which combines both poor social skills and picking fights with larger monkeys.

Quiz 12: Social Psychology