Question 1

Which of the following outcomes is likely for a child with autism who is treated with applied behavior analysis for two years or more?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following outcomes is likely...

Question 2

The case of the autistic child named James reported in the text reveals:

Accepted Answer

The case of James highlights how the preferred therapeutic intervention for autism, which involves intensive behavioral therapy, can be labor-intensive and require significant effort from both the therapist and the family.

Question 3

If you are the parent of a child who has been diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and who is being treated with Ritalin or similar drugs,what side effects might you expect to see in your child?

Accepted Answer

The side effects commonly associated with Ritalin or similar drugs include sleep problems, a pause in growth, and reduced appetite. These side effects may be concerning for parents and should be monitored closely.

Question 4

If drug treatments previously tried for autism were effective,which of the following treatment combinations would be recommended for people with autism,and what would be the effects of taking these two drugs?

Accepted Answer

Serotonin agonists have been shown to reduce repetitive behaviors and oxytocin agonists have been shown to improve social bonding. While other drug treatments may have effects on other areas of functioning, this combination has shown the most promising results in the treatment of autism symptoms.

Question 5

Malik,a child in intensive applied behavior analysis treatment for autism,has improved in a number of ways after four years with this treatment.However,the major difficulty for his parents is the:

Accepted Answer

The passage states that Malik has improved in a number of ways after four years of intensive applied behavior analysis treatment, indicating that the treatment has been effective for him. However, the major difficulty for his parents is the time commitment involved in continuing this treatment. The other choices are not mentioned in the passage and cannot be inferred.

Question 6

According to your textbook,the prognosis for an autistic child is:

Accepted Answer

The textbook states that problematic behaviors and deficits associated with autism often persist into adulthood, suggesting a poor prognosis. While early intervention and therapy can improve outcomes, it is still likely that some difficulties may persist. The other answer choices are not supported by the textbook.

Question 7

Which of the following statements is central to the applied behavioral analysis approach to the treatment of autism?

Accepted Answer

The applied behavioral analysis approach to the treatment of autism is based on operant conditioning principles, which involve shaping behavior through reinforcement and punishment. This approach has been shown to be effective in improving social, cognitive, and language skills in children with autism. The other statements are not central to this approach, as parents can also be trained to use it, it can be used for longer periods of time, and it can be started at any age.

Question 8

An intensive treatment for autism based on operant conditioning principles is:

Accepted Answer

Applied behavior analysis is an intensive treatment for autism based on operant conditioning principles. It involves breaking down complex behaviors into smaller, manageable steps and then reinforcing each step as it is learned. This can lead to significant improvements in language, social skills, and other areas of functioning. Cognitive therapy focuses on changing thoughts and beliefs, while behavior therapy is a broader term that can include various approaches, including applied behavior analysis.

Question 9

Jonas and Yitzhak both have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and have recently been given two different kinds of treatment.Jonas is taking Ritalin,and Yitzhak is being treated with behavioral therapy.In three years,the boys will be tested for symptoms of the disorder.What are the most likely outcomes?

Accepted Answer

Behavioral therapy has been shown to have long-term effects on reducing symptoms of ADHD, while medication (like Ritalin) only works in the short term. Therefore, Yitzhak is likely to have slow but steady improvement, leading to a greater reduction in symptoms than Jonas after three years. It is also worth noting that the side effects of Ritalin may negatively impact Jonas's ability to continue the medication, whereas behavioral therapy does not have any such side effects.

Question 10

Brandon,a 6-year-old,was diagnosed with autism at age 2.Since then,he has been receiving a treatment called applied behavioral analysis (ABA).Which of the following outcomes is most likely for Brandon after four years of receiving ABA,according to research presented in your textbook?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Brandon,a 6-year-old,was diagnosed with autism at age...

Question 11

Applied behavioral analysis therapy has been used to treat:

Accepted Answer

Applied behavioral analysis therapy has been extensively used for the treatment of autism spectrum disorders. It focuses on modifying behavior through positive reinforcement, shaping, and prompt fading techniques. The therapy helps individuals with autism to learn new skills and reduce problematic behaviors.

Question 12

How do serotonin agonist drugs affect children with autism?

Accepted Answer

Serotonin agonist drugs have been shown to reduce repetitive, self-stimulating behaviors in children with autism. They do not necessarily improve mood or increase social bonding, but they can make behavioral treatments easier to implement. There is evidence that these drugs can be effective in treating autism, although more research is needed to fully understand their benefits and potential side effects.

Question 13

Based on the evidence provided in your textbook regarding the behavioral effects of Ritalin therapy,which of the following outcomes is most likely in a group of 12-year-old boys taking the drug for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder?

Accepted Answer

Based on the evidence provided in the textbook, Ritalin therapy has been shown to improve academic and social performance in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. There was no evidence provided to suggest that most children experience serious side effects or an increase in negative behaviors, and while some children may still be somewhat loud and disruptive, the evidence supports an overall increase in attentive and productive behaviors.

Question 14

Chance is a young boy with autism.Recently,his parents have discovered a way to treat his disorder and have begun training in applied behavior analysis.Upon beginning this treatment with their son,which of the following complaints might they have?

Accepted Answer

Applied behavior analysis is an intensive treatment that requires a significant amount of time and effort from caregivers to implement. Therefore, it is likely that Chance's parents will have a complaint about the treatment requiring a large amount of time from them. However, the other options presented do not necessarily reflect typical outcomes of applied behavior analysis for individuals with autism. Social skills and attention capacity can improve with this treatment, and IQ scores are not the only indicator of success in education.

Question 15

In summarizing what is known about the treatment of autism,you should conclude that even though there are problems with this treatment,_____ have shown the most promise.

Accepted Answer

The most promising treatments for autism are behavioral techniques, such as Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA), which focuses on reinforcing positive behaviors and reducing negative behaviors. While there are potential benefits to biological treatments and psychotherapy interventions, such as medication or talk therapy, the evidence for their effectiveness in treating autism is more limited. Social skills training approaches may also be helpful, but are often used in conjunction with behavioral techniques. Therefore, D is the best choice.

Question 16

Tory,a 6-year-old boy with autism,has received applied behavior analysis treatment for the past four years.Which of the following statements will be most accurate about Tory's current situation?

Accepted Answer

The statement that Tory's treatment is "very time consuming and intense" suggests that he has been receiving high-quality ABA therapy, which typically requires a significant amount of time and specialized training. The fact that his IQ has increased by 20 points, suggests that the treatment has been effective in improving his cognitive skills. This statement does not provide information on Tory's attitude towards his treatment or his ability to learn in a normal classroom setting.

Question 17

Based on what is known about the characteristics of autism,which of the following therapy techniques would be most effective in encouraging an autistic child to make appropriate eye contact with a therapist?

Accepted Answer

Reinforcement with food is a form of positive reinforcement, which is often effective in encouraging desired behaviors in autistic children, such as making eye contact.

Question 18

Based on research presented in the text,which of the following young patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is likely to have the best treatment outcome after three years?

Accepted Answer

Intensive behavioral therapy has been shown to be highly effective in managing ADHD symptoms and improving long-term outcomes in young patients.

Quiz 15: Treatment of Psychological Disorders