The Main Gravitational Effect That Organizes the Particles in the Rings

The main gravitational effect that organizes the particles in the rings of Saturn into specific orbits is:

A) the complex gravitational tidal effects of the planet and the Sun on the ring particles.
B) collisions between the major moons of the planets and the ring particles at the same orbital distance, clearing gaps in the rings.
C) the perturbing effects of neighboring planets, such as Jupiter and Neptune.
D) the perturbing effects of major and minor moons or satellites whose orbital periods are related to those of the ring particles by simple ratios (e.g., 2:1, 3:2) .