Question 1

Which moral philosophy is based on the premise that equal respect must be given to all persons?

Accepted Answer

Deontology is a moral philosophy that emphasizes the intrinsic value of each individual and holds that equal respect and consideration must be given to all persons, regardless of their utility or benefit to society. It is based on a principle of respect for persons, which holds that individuals should always be treated as ends in themselves and not merely as means to an end or as objects to be manipulated.

Question 2

Discuss the distinctions between the rule and act categories of utilitarianism and deontology. Why do you think some people evaluate the morality of an action on the basis of the action itself, whereas others evaluate it in terms of its conformity to particular moral principles or rules of conduct?

Accepted Answer

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Question 3

Explain how the levels of Kohlberg's model of cognitive moral development may influence a person's perception of and response to an ethical issue.

Accepted Answer

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Question 4

Which is not considered a white collar crime?

Accepted Answer

Mugging someone is not considered a white collar crime as it involves violent and physical means of acquiring money or property, rather than manipulation and deception in a professional setting. The other options listed all involve various forms of financial fraud or illegal activities within white collar industries.

Question 5

_____ argues that ethical behavior involves not only adhering to conventional moral standards but also considering what a mature person with a "good" moral character would deem appropriate.

Accepted Answer

Virtue ethics focuses on an individual's character and moral virtues rather than rules or consequences. It emphasizes the importance of developing a good character and engaging in actions that align with virtuous behavior. This includes considering what a mature person with a "good" moral character would do in a particular situation.

Question 6

_____ have lower ethical issue sensitivity, meaning they are less likely to detect ethical issues. They may be more committed to completing projects and more dedicated to group values and objectives.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _____ have lower ethical issue sensitivity, meaning...

Question 7

Kohlberg's six stages of cognitive moral development can be reduced to three levels of ethical concern. Persons at the second level

Accepted Answer

At the second level of Kohlberg's stages of moral development, individuals define right as that which conforms to the expectations of good behavior of the larger society. This level is known as "Conventional Morality."

Question 8

_____ deals with the issue of what individuals feel they are due based on their rights and performance in the workplace, and therefore is more likely to be based on deontological moral philosophies than on teleological or utilitarian ones.

Accepted Answer

Justice deals with the issue of what individuals feel they are due based on their rights and performance in the workplace. It is more likely to be based on deontological moral philosophies, which focus on duties and rights, rather than on teleological or utilitarian ones, which are concerned with the consequences of actions.

Question 9

Compare and contrast the two moral philosophies: teleology and deontology. Discuss the bases each philosophy type uses to evaluate the morality of a particular activity.

Accepted Answer

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Question 10

A central problem with virtue ethics is

Accepted Answer

The answer of A central problem with virtue ethics is
...

Question 11

An individual who emphasizes others rather than himself or herself in making decisions is in which of the following of Kohlberg's stages of development?

Accepted Answer

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Question 12

_____ justice is based on the evaluation of outcomes or results of the business relationship.

Accepted Answer

Distributive justice evaluates the distribution of outcomes or benefits of a business relationship. It is concerned with fairness in the distribution of resources, rewards, and benefits among the parties involved in a business transaction. It is often guided by principles of equity, equality, and need-based allocation.

Question 13

In Kohlberg's model, the stage of mutual interpersonal expectations, relationships, and conformity (Stage 3) differs from the stage of individual instrumental purpose and exchange (Stage 2) in terms of the individual's motives in

Accepted Answer

Stage 2 (individual instrumental purpose and exchange) is focused on satisfying one's own needs and desires through the exchange of goods or services. Stage 3 (mutual interpersonal expectations, relationships, and conformity) shifts the focus to considering the needs and perspectives of others, including fairness and treating others as you would like to be treated. This shows a motivation towards considering fairness to others.

Question 14

When a person defines right and wrong on the basis of legal contracts, he or she is using which of Kohlberg's stages of development?

Accepted Answer

This is because the person is considering legal contracts and social contracts in their decision making, which is characteristic of Kohlberg's fifth stage of development, Prior rights, social contract, or utility.

Question 15

_____ justice considers the processes and activities that produce the outcome or results.

Accepted Answer

Procedural justice focuses on ensuring that the processes and procedures used in decision-making are fair and unbiased, regardless of the outcome. This involves factors such as transparency, consistency, and impartiality in decision-making. Disruptive justice is not a recognized concept, and the other options - interactional, communications, and evaluative justice - address different aspects of the justice system.

Question 16

What is white collar crime and why has it become such a widespread problem?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is white collar crime and why...

Question 17

Enlightened egoism

Accepted Answer

Enlightened egoism is a philosophy that centers on one's long-term self-interest while taking into account the well-being of others. This means that while an individual may act in their own self-interest, they do so in a way that considers the impact of their actions on others and the potential long-term consequences. This philosophy is often associated with the concept of enlightened self-interest, where individuals recognize that their own well-being is interconnected with the well-being of others and the world around them.

Question 18

The elements of _____ important to business transactions have been defined as trust, self-control, empathy, fairness, and truthfulness.

Accepted Answer

The elements listed are characteristics of virtue ethics, which emphasizes the importance of developing positive character traits in individuals in order to make ethical decisions. The other options listed are all ethical theories or branches of ethics, but do not specifically focus on the virtues mentioned.

Question 19

Compare and contrast the two teleological philosophies: egoism and utilitarianism. Include a discussion of the bases that each type uses to evaluate the morality of activities.

Accepted Answer

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Question 20

Eric views animal research in the pharmaceutical industry as a way to improve drugs that will benefit mankind. Which moral philosophy most closely represents his viewpoint?

Accepted Answer

Utilitarianism is a moral philosophy that focuses on maximizing overall well-being and happiness for the greatest number of individuals. Eric's view that animal research can improve drugs that benefit mankind aligns with the utilitarian idea of promoting the greater good for the majority.

Quiz 6: Individual Factors: Moral Philosophies and Values