Question 1

Attempts to remove textbooks from the schools have occurred at what level?

Accepted Answer

Attempts to remove textbooks from schools have occurred at all levels. While there may be differing reasons and arguments surrounding the issue at each level, attempts to eliminate textbooks from the classroom have been made across the board.

Question 2

Home schooling in the U.S. has increased primarily because of

Accepted Answer

Home schooling has increased in the U.S. due to both religious and secular reasons. Some families choose to homeschool for religious reasons, such as wanting to incorporate their beliefs into their children's education, while others may do so for secular reasons such as concerns about the quality or safety of public schools, or wanting more flexibility in their child's education.

Question 3

__________ theorists believe that education contributes to the maintenance of society and provides people with an opportunity for self-enhancement and upward social mobility. They view education as one of the most important components of society.

Accepted Answer

Functionalist theorists view education as a vital social institution that contributes to the maintenance of society by providing individuals with the necessary skills and knowledge to fulfill their roles and contribute to society. They also believe that education provides individuals with an opportunity for upward social mobility and self-enhancement.

Question 4

According to sociologist __________, education is crucial for promoting solidarity and stability in society. Education is the "influence exercised by adult generations on those that are not yet ready for social life." In other words, we can learn from what others have already experienced.

Accepted Answer

Emile Durkheim is the sociologist who believed that education is crucial for promoting solidarity and stability in society. According to him, education is the "influence exercised by adult generations on those that are not yet ready for social life."

Question 5

In primary and secondary schools, students are taught specific subject matter appropriate to their age, skill level, and previous educational experience. At the college level, students focus on more detailed knowledge of subjects that they have previously studied while also being exposed to new areas of study and research. These examples depict the manifest function of education known as __________.

Accepted Answer

Socialization is the process of learning the values, norms, and behaviors of a society. Education is a major agent of socialization, as it teaches students the knowledge and skills they need to function in society.

Question 6

Schools are responsible for teaching values such as discipline, respect, obedience, punctuality, and perseverance. Schools teach conformity by encouraging young people to be good students, conscientious future workers, and law-abiding citizens. This represents the manifest function of education known as __________.

Accepted Answer

The manifest function of education that is being described in the statement is social control. The school system teaches values and encourages conformity to social norms and laws. Therefore, the correct answer is option C) social control.

Question 7

Ultimately, issues relating to the separation of church and state, including religious instruction in public schools, are constitutional issues that are decided by __________, in the absence of a constitutional amendment.

Accepted Answer

The U.S. Supreme Court is the highest court in the land and has the final say on constitutional issues. In cases related to the separation of church and state and religious instruction in public schools, the Supreme Court has consistently ruled based on the interpretation of the First Amendment of the Constitution. Therefore, in the absence of a constitutional amendment, the Supreme Court is the ultimate decision-maker on these issues.

Question 8

As student populations diversify over time, new educational programs are introduced to meet societal needs. For example, sex education, drug education, and multicultural studies have been implemented in some schools to help students learn about pressing social issues. This exemplifies the manifest function of education called __________.

Accepted Answer

The manifest function of education called change and innovation refers to the introduction of new educational programs to meet changing societal needs, such as sex education, drug education, and multicultural studies.

Question 9

Schools are responsible for identifying the most qualified people to fill available positions in society. As a result, students are channeled into programs based on individual ability and academic achievement. This illustrates the manifest function of education referred to as __________.

Accepted Answer

The manifest function of education referred to as social placement involves identifying the most qualified people to fill available positions in society based on individual ability and academic achievement. This is what schools are responsible for and therefore, D is the correct choice. Option A talks about the change and innovation function of education, B talks about the transmission of culture and C refers to the social control function of education.

Question 10

Education serves five major manifest functions in society. Which of the following was not identified as a manifest of function of education?

Accepted Answer

Restricting some activities is not identified as a manifest function of education. The other options (socialization, transmission of culture, and social control) are identified as manifest functions of education.

Question 11

Contemporary __________ suggest that education is responsible for teaching U.S. values. According to sociologist Amitai Etzioni, "shared" values (such as the dignity of all persons ought to be respected) should be transmitted by schools from kindergarten through college.

Accepted Answer

Functionalists view education as a social institution responsible for transmitting important cultural values and norms. Amitai Etzioni's suggestion that schools should teach shared values supports this perspective. Conflict theorists would argue that education reinforces existing power structures and inequalities, while symbolic interactionists would focus on how individuals interact and interpret their educational experiences. Postmodernists would critique the idea of a singular set of shared values and question the role of education in imposing such values on individuals.

Question 12

Education serves at least three latent functions. Which of the following was not identified as a latent function of education?

Accepted Answer

The other options (A, B, C) were identified as latent functions of education according to sociologists, but D (change and innovation) is not typically recognized as a latent function of education.

Question 13

Schools play an active part in the process of assimilation, whereby recent immigrants learn dominant values, attitudes, and behavior so that they can be productive members of society. This exemplifies the manifest function of education referred to as __________.

Accepted Answer

The manifest function of education referred to as transmission of culture involves schools teaching dominant values, attitudes, and behavior to recent immigrants, so they can assimilate and become productive members of society.

Question 14

__________ is the social institution responsible for the systematic transmission of knowledge, skills, and cultural values within a formally organized structure.

Accepted Answer

Education is the social institution responsible for the systematic transmission of knowledge, skills, and cultural values within a formally organized structure. Religion and political science do not necessarily have a formal structure for the transmission of knowledge and cultural values. Sociology is the study of society and social behavior, not a social institution responsible for the transmission of knowledge.

Question 15

All social institutions, including education, have some __________, which are hidden, unstated, and sometimes unintended consequences of activities within an organization or institution.

Accepted Answer

Latent functions are the hidden, unstated, and unintended consequences of activities within an organization or institution. In the case of education, some latent functions may include socialization, networking, and reinforcing societal norms and values. Intrinsic functions refer to the essential, primary purpose of an institution, while extrinsic functions are the visible, intended outcomes. Manifest functions are also intended, but they are openly stated and recognized.

Question 16

Which statement concerning education in the U.S. is false?

Accepted Answer

The U.S. Congress does not have the ultimate authority as to whether or not religion can be included in the curriculum of public schools. This decision is left up to the individual states and local school boards.

Question 17

Early in the twentieth century, all states passed __________ laws that require children to attend school until they reach a specified age (usually age 16) or complete a minimum level of formal education (generally the eighth grade).

Accepted Answer

The answer of Early in the twentieth century, all states...

Question 18

Some functions of education are ___________, which are open, stated and, intended goals or consequences of activities within an organization or institution.

Accepted Answer

Manifest functions are open, stated, and intended goals or consequences of activities within an organization or institution. Education has several manifest functions such as providing knowledge and skills, preparing individuals for the workforce, and promoting socialization and cultural integration.

Question 19

A(n) __________ function in education includes teaching specific subjects, such as science, mathematics, reading, history, and English.

Accepted Answer

A manifest function is an intended and recognized consequence of an institution, such as education. Teaching specific subjects is a clear and recognized function of education. Extrinsic refers to external motivation or reward, intrinsic refers to internal motivation or reward, and latent functions are unintended or unrecognized consequences.

Question 20

From kindergarten through college, schools teach students the student role and specific academic subjects. This illustrates the manifest function of education referred to as __________.

Accepted Answer

The manifest function of education refers to the intended and recognized purpose of an institution or social phenomenon, which in this case is socialization - the process by which individuals learn the norms, values, and attitudes of their culture or society. From kindergarten through college, schools teach students how to behave in the student role and instill cultural values, beliefs, and practices.

Quiz 12: Education and Religion.