Many junior high school students drink colas on a daily basis. A researcher is interested in testing the effects of cola ingestion on academic performance (AP) for girls in the ninth grade. One thousand ninth-grade girls are the subjects. They are grouped according to the number of colas they drink each day (low, medium, and high). The researcher concluded that cola ingestion had an effect on academic performance. What are the independent variable (IV) and dependent variable (DV) in this study?
A) (IV) ninth grade (DV) AP
B) (IV) AP (DV) cola
C) (IV) cola (DV) gender
D) (IV) cola (DV) AP
E) (IV) gender (DV) cola

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The independent variable (IV) is cola ingestion, which is being varied by grouping the participants into low, medium, and high cola ingestion groups. The dependent variable (DV) is academic performance (AP), which is being measured to see if it is affected by the level of cola ingestion. Therefore, the best choice is D: (IV) cola (DV) AP.

Many Junior High School Students Drink Colas on a Daily