Potholes in river bottom bedrock form by

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Potholes in river bottom bedrock typically form from the grinding action of a pebble or cobble in a swirling eddy, also known as a hydraulic jump. As water flows over the pebble or cobble, it creates a zone of turbulence that erodes the bedrock, creating a depression or pothole. This process can continue for thousands of years, gradually deepening and widening the pothole. Cascading water from a waterfall may also contribute to pothole formation, but it is not the primary cause. The impact of a large rock moved by a strong current may create a depression, but it is not the same as the grinding action of a swirling eddy that is characteristic of pothole formation.

Potholes in River Bottom Bedrock Form by