Among Native Americans, men and women who did not exhibit conventional gender roles were called berdache. They acted as mediators between men and women and between the physical and spiritual worlds. Berdache were

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Berdache were individuals who did not conform to traditional gender roles and typically identified as a gender different from the one they were assigned at birth. While the term “transgender” is a more contemporary term, some scholars see parallels between the concept of berdache and contemporary understandings of transgender identity. It is important to note, however, that berdache were not necessarily required to undergo any physical changes or surgery in order to fulfill their role in their communities.

Among Native Americans, Men and Women Who Did Not Exhibit