The mutual exchange of goods between two individuals or groups is at the heart of much gift-giving and barter trade. This exchange is called

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Reciprocity refers to the exchange of goods or services between individuals or groups with the expectation of a future return. This is often the basis of gift-giving and barter trade, where both parties benefit from the exchange. Redistribution refers to the collection of goods or resources by a central authority and their subsequent allocation to members of a group. Market exchange involves the sale and purchase of goods for money, without any obligation for future return. Giving, while related to reciprocity, typically involves a one-way transfer of a gift without the expectation of immediate or future return.

The Mutual Exchange of Goods Between Two Individuals or Groups