Question 1

A manufacturing company wants 55-year-old Neema to retire from her job, but she refuses. In response, the company changes her job so that instead of having to stack 80 20-pound packages an hour, she now has to stack 20 eight-pound packages. This best exemplifies

Accepted Answer

The company's action of trying to force Neema to retire based solely on her age is an example of age discrimination. This is illegal under the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) of 1967. The company's solution of changing Neema's job duties may seem like a compromise, but it is still based on her age and is discriminatory.

Question 2

Who is most likely to be the victim of sexual harassment?

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that younger, unmarried women are at a higher risk of experiencing sexual harassment. Age, marital status, and divorce/separation are not necessarily factors that increase the likelihood of experiencing sexual harassment.

Question 3

The Oncale v. Sundowner Offshore Services Supreme Court case (1998) ruled that men could be victims of sexual harassment and also established a precedent barring

Accepted Answer

The Oncale v. Sundowner Offshore Services Supreme Court case (1998) established a precedent barring same-sex harassment, recognizing that men could also be victims of sexual harassment in the workplace. The other choices are unrelated to this case.

Question 4

You are the head of a company with a "glass ceiling." If you would like to eliminate this problem, what should you do?

Accepted Answer

Providing more feedback about promotions can help employees understand what they need to do to advance in the company, as well as ensuring that the process is fair and transparent. This can help eliminate the "glass ceiling" by creating more opportunities for individuals to move up in the organization based on their skills and qualifications rather than their gender, race, or other personal characteristics. Option A, B, and C are all counterproductive and may further reinforce the glass ceiling.

Question 5

Assistant Manager Tina just found out that she earns $10,000 per year less than Jeff, another assistant manager with the same exact educational background and experience. Tina is a victim of

Accepted Answer

The situation described suggests that Tina is experiencing pay inequity, meaning that she is being paid less than a colleague with the same qualifications and experience. This can be a form of discrimination and is a violation of the principle of fairness in compensation.

Question 6

During a legal side bar, a judge comments, "But what would a reasonable person have thought about it?" This trial is likely about

Accepted Answer

The judge's comment about the perspective of a reasonable person suggests that the trial is likely focused on whether certain behavior can be considered sexual harassment. The concept of reasonable perceptions and expectations is central to understanding and defining what constitutes sexual harassment, so this question would likely arise in such a case.

Question 7

Between 1979 and 2006, the pay difference between equally trained males and females has

Accepted Answer

The answer of Between 1979 and 2006, the pay difference...

Question 8

Sexual harassment tends to occur when there is a(n) _____ difference between two people.

Accepted Answer

Sexual harassment often occurs when one person has more power or influence over the other, such as a boss or supervisor harassing an employee. This power difference can create a climate of fear and intimidation that makes it difficult for the victim to speak up or resist the harassment. While differences in sex, age, and education may also play a role in sexual harassment, the power differential is often the most significant factor.

Question 9

What would break down a "glass ceiling?"

Accepted Answer

The answer of What would break down a "glass ceiling?"
...

Question 10

Pay equity specifically involves equal pay for

Accepted Answer

Pay equity involves ensuring that individuals who are doing equivalent jobs are paid the same amount, regardless of factors such as gender or ethnicity. Pay equity does not require that all jobs be paid the same amount, as different jobs may require different levels of education, experience, or skill. Pay equity also specifically addresses gender-based wage discrimination, but does not cover all ethnic groups.

Question 11

The new standard for determining sexual harassment is the "_____" standard.

Accepted Answer

The reasonable person standard is the new standard for determining sexual harassment. It considers whether a reasonable person in the same circumstances would find the behavior to be offensive. Role conflict refers to a situation where the expectations of different roles held by an individual conflict with each other. Glass ceiling refers to an invisible barrier that prevents certain groups of people from advancing to higher positions in the workplace. Comparable worth refers to the principle that women and men should receive equal pay for jobs that require similar levels of skill and responsibility.

Question 12

In which culture are women more likely to judge an interaction as more harassing than men?

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that in the United States, women are more likely than men to judge an interaction as more harassing. This may be due to societal expectations and gender-role stereotypes that create a power differential between men and women.

Question 13

Which of the following statements best describes the research on pay equity?

Accepted Answer

Research consistently shows that women make less than men for the same job, even in traditionally male-dominated occupations. This pay gap exists across industries and levels of education, and cannot be explained solely by factors such as experience or job tenure.

Question 14

Which best exemplifies the concept of self-initiated occupational change?

Accepted Answer

Self-initiated occupational change involves making a conscious decision to change jobs or careers. Quitting a job to take on a more challenging job is an example of self-initiated occupational change, as the individual is taking the initiative to make a change based on their own goals and interests. Losing a job due to external factors such as a recession or company decisions is not an example of self-initiated change.

Question 15

Robert and Julia are employed in the same occupation. If pay for the two follows the pattern for the average American female and male, for every $100 earned by Robert, Julia could expect to earn

Accepted Answer

The answer of Robert and Julia are employed in the...

Question 16

Naomi feels trapped in her job. Even though she believes she has the ability and training to move up in her work setting, there appear to be no opportunities for her to do so. Naomi is experiencing

Accepted Answer

Naomi's experience of having the ability and training but facing a lack of opportunities to move up in her job suggests that she is running up against a glass ceiling, which is a barrier that prevents qualified and capable individuals from advancing in their careers due to factors such as discrimination or social or institutional biases.

Question 17

Which statement about sexual harassment is true?

Accepted Answer

It can have negative consequences even when the degree of harassment is low. Studies have shown that even low-level harassment can have negative consequences on the victim's psychological and physical health. The incidence of harassment is difficult to accurately determine due to underreporting and the subjective nature of what constitutes harassment. Sexual harassment can occur to anyone regardless of gender.

Question 18

The "glass ceiling" for women is most pronounced in their inability to

Accepted Answer

The glass ceiling refers to the invisible barriers that prevent women from advancing to higher levels of management in a company, thus D is the best choice. While women may face obstacles in entering certain job fields and gaining low-tier jobs, the glass ceiling specifically addresses the difficulty in reaching the highest levels of leadership and decision-making in companies.

Question 19

Troy is a 55-year-old worker who, despite having a very good work record, has been passed up for promotion many times in favor of younger workers with lesser records. Troy is most likely a victim of

Accepted Answer

Troy's age and the fact that younger workers with lesser records are being promoted over him suggests that he is experiencing age discrimination. Age discrimination occurs when an employer treats an employee or job applicant unfairly because of their age, specifically favoring younger workers over older ones.

Question 20

Who has just reached the age at which he would receive protection under the U.S. Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1986?

Accepted Answer

The U.S. Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 (ADEA) protects individuals who are 40 years of age or older from employment discrimination based on age. Therefore, Luther, who is 40, has just reached the age at which he would receive protection under the ADEA.

Quiz 12: Work and Leisure: Occupational and Lifestyle Issues in Young and Middle Adulthood