Bank-Like Activities Undertaken by Nonbank Financial Firms-Such as Investment Banks

Bank-like activities undertaken by nonbank financial firms-such as investment banks and hedge funds-but without regulatory oversight or protection are known as _____.

A) shadow banking
B) shadow banking.
C) securitization
D) securitization.
E) commodity-backed money.
F) commodity-backed money
G) margin calls.
H) margin calls