Arguments against the use of deception include which of the following?

Question

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All of the choices listed present valid arguments against the use of deception in research. Deception can be seen as a form of lying, which is generally unethical. It can also eliminate participants' ability to give informed consent, as they may not understand the true purpose or procedures of the study. Additionally, deception can negatively impact participants by making them feel foolish, embarrassed, or anxious. For these reasons, many researchers and institutions are cautious about using deceptive techniques, and may only do so when they believe that the potential benefits of the research outweigh the risks and concerns of deception.

Arguments Against the Use of Deception Include Which of the Following