The party machine was a method by which ethnic groups, especially ______, gained a foothold in American politics.

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The party machine was largely developed in the late 19th century by Irish-American politicians in major cities such as New York and Chicago. The machine relied on patronage and control of local government to reward those who were loyal to the political organization, providing jobs, social services, and other benefits. This allowed the Irish to gain power and influence within American politics. While other ethnic groups also utilized the party machine, it was primarily associated with Irish-American political power.

The Party Machine Was a Method by Which Ethnic Groups