Question 1

The notion that racist actions and beliefs are embedded in the structure of society is referred to as

Accepted Answer

Institutional discrimination refers to the pervasive and systematic practices within social institutions that provide advantages for dominant groups while systematically excluding, limiting, or harming members of minority groups. This idea is often used to explain how racism continues to exist even in the absence of overtly racist individuals, as these structures perpetuate inequality and disadvantage based on race.

Question 2

While _____ focuses on particular aspects of the problem, _____ involves a more holistic devaluing of African Americans in society.

Accepted Answer

Institutional discrimination focuses on specific practices within institutions, while systemic racism involves a broader, more comprehensive devaluing of African Americans across society.

Question 3

What is racial steering?

Accepted Answer

Racial steering refers to the practice of real estate agents attempting to guide or influence home buyers towards or away from certain neighborhoods based on their race or ethnicity. This can involve persuading minority buyers to live in predominantly non-White areas or steering White buyers towards predominantly White neighborhoods. This practice is illegal under the Fair Housing Act.

Question 4

What is redlining?

Accepted Answer

Redlining is the practice of using color-coded maps to determine which areas of a city or town were considered desirable for investment and mortgage lending. This system was used to exclude Black residents from receiving support to buy their homes, leading to segregation and economic inequality. Green areas were considered the best, while undesirable areas were colored red and were predominantly Black.

Question 5

According to the U.S. Department of Education, in 2018, while 90% of Asians and 88% of Whites graduated high school, ______ make it to graduation.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is A) 78% of Hispanics and 75% of African Americans, as these figures align with the disparities in high school graduation rates among different racial and ethnic groups in the U.S. as reported by the Department of Education for the year 2018.

Question 6

One study examined how minority achievement in education related to parents' wealth. The study found

Accepted Answer

The study found that both the level of education of a child's parents and their wealth were the two best predictors of the quality of higher education their children would receive, indicating that parents' wealth does play a role in minority achievement in education. The other answer choices either do not acknowledge the potential impact of parents' wealth and education level or oversimplify the relationship between race and educational achievement.

Question 7

People of color primarily find themselves in

Accepted Answer

Historically, people of color have been subjected to systemic racism and discrimination which has led to limited access to higher education and job opportunities. This has resulted in people of color primarily finding themselves in semi-skilled or unskilled jobs. While there have been efforts to address these disparities, the effects of systemic racism and discrimination continue to be felt today.

Question 8

According to U.S. Census data, which group has the lowest median household income for both 2017 and 2018?

Accepted Answer

According to U.S. Census data, in both 2017 and 2018, Black households had the lowest median household income compared to other racial/ethnic groups.

Question 9

What is racial profiling?

Accepted Answer

Racial profiling occurs when police initiate contact with people of color based solely on their racial or ethnic appearance. This can lead to discriminatory treatment and violation of civil rights.

Question 10

According to the Uniform Crime Reports, in 2018, African Americans represented about 13% of the population but approximately what percentage of all arrests?

Accepted Answer

According to the Uniform Crime Reports, African Americans represented approximately 27% of all arrests in 2018, which is significantly higher than their representation in the general population at around 13%.

Question 11

While data is inconclusive, available reports indicate that homicide by police (either justifiable or not) could represent about what percentage of US deaths of arrested people in custody?

Accepted Answer

The available reports suggest that homicide by police could represent about 60% of US deaths of arrested people in custody.

Question 12

Regarding sentencing, data shows that Blacks and Latinos were generally

Accepted Answer

Data shows that, on average, Blacks and Latinos are sentenced more harshly than Whites. This is often referred to as racial bias in the criminal justice system. Studies have found that even when controlling for factors such as the severity of the crime and prior criminal history, Black and Latino defendants are still more likely to receive harsher sentences than White defendants.

Question 13

While they represented approximately 13% of the overall population in this country in 2018, African Americans represented what percentage of those incarcerated in state and federal prisons?

Accepted Answer

The answer of While they represented approximately 13% of the...

Question 14

A White child born in 2015 has a life expectancy of 76 years while White females can generally expect to live 81 years, according to the Center for Disease Control. An African American male's life expectancy is _____ years and African American females can expect to live to about _____ years.

Accepted Answer

According to the Center for Disease Control, African American males have a life expectancy of 71 years and African American females can expect to live to about 78 years.

Question 15

Functionalists assert that the positive feelings of being a part of a group, even a subordinate one that has less access to social, economic, and political power, tends to

Accepted Answer

Functionalists believe that being part of a group, even a subordinate one, promotes and maintains strong ties among its members. This can lead to a sense of belonging and solidarity within the group, but it can also result in fear and hostility towards and from other groups, as the in-group/out-group dynamics intensify.

Question 16

Some of the more recent applications of conflict theory to explain racial inequalities address

Accepted Answer

Conflict theory has been used to explain racial inequalities in various contexts, including settler-colonialism, the impact of appropriation of Indigenous lands on Native Americans, and intersectional factors such as gender and sexuality. Thus, the best choice is D, which includes all of the above.

Question 17

Critical Race theory includes

Accepted Answer

The answer of Critical Race theory includes
...

Question 18

While events in 2020 surrounding race and how racism is expressed in our society are dramatic, controversial, and even contested, one example of how a symbolic interactionist might understand how race influences relationships and interactions among people can be seen in

Accepted Answer

The protests and counter-protests to remove Confederate statues are a clear example of how symbols associated with race and racism can shape interactions among people, including their perceptions of power, history, and identity. The controversy around these statues reflects broader debates about racial justice, social memory, and the meaning of monuments in public spaces. A symbolic interactionist would be interested in how individuals negotiate their meanings and emotions concerning these symbols, as well as how they use them to express their identities and assert their claims in public discourse.

Question 19

Stereotypes, labeling, and prejudice are key aspects of analysis for

Accepted Answer

Symbolic Interactionists are best known for studying the micro-level interactions between individuals, including how they use symbols and language to create and convey meaning. Stereotypes, labeling, and prejudice are all related to how individuals perceive and interact with each other, making them key aspects of analysis for Symbolic Interactionists.

Question 20

Affirmative Action is generally defined as

Accepted Answer

Affirmative Action refers to policies and programs aimed at increasing representation and promoting equal opportunities for traditionally disadvantaged groups, particularly minorities and women in areas such as employment and education. Option A is incorrect as Affirmative Action is not meant to address white privilege but rather to address inequalities faced by marginalized groups. Option C refers to diversity training which is different from Affirmative Action policies. Option D is also incorrect as Affirmative Action policies do not involve lower taxation of minority employees as reparations for past or present racial inequalities.

Quiz 6: Cant We All Just Get Along Racial and Ethnic Inequalities