Question 1

Which of the following is more likely to result from the administration of bleomycin?

Accepted Answer

Bleomycin is a chemotherapeutic agent that can cause pulmonary fibrosis, which is characterized by the deposition of sodium urate crystals in the lungs.

Question 2

Patient with metastatic bowel cancer is taking Codeine 30 mg q4h without adequate analgesia. What is the most appropriate therapy?

Accepted Answer

A

Question 3

Concerning the prophylactic use of G-CSF during cancer chemotherapy:

Accepted Answer

B

Question 4

Phase 2 trial of new cancer drug. Which is least likely to account for variation in results:

Accepted Answer

Gender is least likely to account for variation in results in a phase 2 trial of a new cancer drug compared to other factors like size and site of metastases, performance status, and prior therapy, which are directly related to the disease's characteristics and treatment history.

Question 5

Breast cancer, least likely defect:

Accepted Answer

Bcl-2 is primarily associated with inhibition of apoptosis rather than directly causing breast cancer. BRCA1, BRCA2, ATM, and p53 are more directly linked to increased breast cancer risk due to their roles in DNA repair and cell cycle regulation.

Question 6

In women the biggest risk factor for breast cancer is:

Accepted Answer

Previous contralateral breast cancer is a significant risk factor for developing breast cancer again, as it indicates a history of the disease.

Question 7

Best treatment of metastatic renal cell cancer:

Accepted Answer

Sunitinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that is commonly used as a first-line treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

Question 8

Major spread of ovarian cancer

Accepted Answer

The answer of Major spread of ovarian cancer
...

Question 9

Patient gets bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin. Which cause for cessation of specific drug?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Patient gets bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin. Which...

Question 10

55 year female - breast cancer 3 yrs ago had mastectomy only Presents with lower back pains. Some neurology - mild --> equivocal plantar. MRI Shows lesions in 3- 4 different vertebra - partially compressing spinal cord.

Accepted Answer

The patient has metastatic breast cancer with spinal cord compression. Surgical decompression and radiotherapy are appropriate to relieve compression and manage the metastases.

Question 11

Cisplatin based chemotherapy. Which anti-emetic is most effective >24 post chemotherapy:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cisplatin based chemotherapy. Which anti-emetic is most...

Question 12

Least effective for identifying an unknown primary

Accepted Answer

Mediastinal undifferentiated carcinoma is least effective for identifying an unknown primary because its undifferentiated nature makes it difficult to trace back to the tissue of origin, unlike more specific pathologies like adenocarcinomas or bone blasts which can provide clues about the primary site.

Question 13

Middle aged smoker. Whole of left lung - white, collapse. Bronchoscopy shows an undifferentiated carcinoma in the left main bronchus. Presents with cough and haemoptysis. Small left clavicular lymph node palpable. Treatment:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Middle aged smoker. Whole of left lung...

Question 14

Smoker with carcinoma of the lung. Well until recently. Bronchoscopy shows extrinsic compression of the bronchus. Low serum sodium. Diagnosis:

Accepted Answer

Small cell carcinoma of the lung is known for causing paraneoplastic syndromes, such as inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), which can lead to low serum sodium (hyponatremia). It can also cause extrinsic compression of the bronchus due to its aggressive nature and tendency to grow rapidly.

Question 15

In a young man testicular malignancy, how does  HCG cause gynaecomastia?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a young man testicular malignancy, how...

Question 16

Young lady had radiotherapy for Hodgkin"s disease. 10 years later, most likely sequelae:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Young lady had radiotherapy for Hodgkin"s disease....

Question 17

DNA microsatellite - best description

Accepted Answer

DNA microsatellites are short, repetitive sequences of 2-4 base pairs found at a single locus in the genome.

Question 18

Which drug is least likely to affect cytokine production - especially IL-2 in T cells?

Accepted Answer

Mycophenolate primarily inhibits the proliferation of lymphocytes by blocking purine synthesis, rather than directly affecting cytokine production like IL-2.

Question 19

Among viruses which are activated due to immunosuppression the least oncogenic virus is

Accepted Answer

CMV (Cytomegalovirus) is less associated with oncogenesis compared to the other viruses listed. While HHV8, Hepatitis B, EBV, and HPV have more direct links to cancer development, CMV's role in cancer is less clear and primarily associated with immunosuppression rather than direct oncogenesis.

Question 20

Disease least likely to have a family predisposition

Accepted Answer

Lung cancer is less likely to have a strong family predisposition compared to the other options listed. Breast cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, and germ cell cancer of the testes all have well-documented familial patterns and genetic predispositions. Lung cancer, while it can have some familial risk factors, is more strongly associated with environmental factors such as smoking.

Quiz 10: Cancer and Chemotherapy