Question 1

What is one contentious issue in the debate about quality concerns in qualitative research?

Accepted Answer

The contentious issue in the debate about quality concerns in qualitative research revolves around the criteria to use as indicators of validity and reliability. This is because qualitative research often involves interpretive approaches that do not lend themselves easily to the traditional notions of validity and reliability used in quantitative research.

Question 2

The most-often used framework of quality criteria is that of Lincoln and Guba. How many criteria are identified for evaluating trustworthiness of the inquiry?

Accepted Answer

D

Question 3

What is credibility in the often-used framework of quality criteria?

Accepted Answer

Confidence in the truth value of the findings

Question 4

What is authenticity in the often-used framework of quality criteria?

Accepted Answer

Authenticity in the context of quality criteria refers to the extent to which the research accurately represents various realities and the emotional tone of the subjects' experiences, rather than the truth value, stability, or objectivity of the data.

Question 5

The qualitative study has a lot of stability of data over time and conditions. What term is somewhat analogous to reliability in quantitative studies?

Accepted Answer

Dependability in qualitative research is analogous to reliability in quantitative research, as it refers to the stability of data over time and conditions, ensuring that the study could be replicated under similar circumstances.

Question 6

What term is the analog of external validity in quantitative studies?

Accepted Answer

Transferability is the qualitative research equivalent of external validity in quantitative research. It refers to the extent to which the findings of one study can be applied to other settings or groups.

Question 7

What is confirmability in the often-used framework of quality criteria?

Accepted Answer

Confirmability refers to the objectivity or neutrality of the data, ensuring that the findings are shaped by the subjects and not researcher bias, motivations, or interests.

Question 8

In the view of Whittemore and colleagues' framework, four primary criteria are essential to all quality inquiry. What is one of the primary criteria?

Accepted Answer

Credibility is one of the four primary criteria essential to all quality inquiry according to Whittemore and colleagues' framework, focusing on the trustworthiness and believability of the research.

Question 9

In the view of Whittemore and colleagues' framework, four primary criteria are essential to all quality inquiry. The terminology overlaps with Lincoln and Guba's framework regarding two criteria. Which two criteria overlap?

Accepted Answer

Whittemore and colleagues' framework for quality inquiry shares the criteria of credibility and authenticity with Lincoln and Guba's framework, emphasizing the importance of trustworthiness and genuineness in research.

Question 10

An alternative framework, representing a synthesis of 10 qualitative validity schemes by Whittemore and colleagues, proposed four primary criteria and six secondary criteria. What is criticality?

Accepted Answer

The answer of An alternative framework, representing a synthesis of...

Question 11

An alternative framework, representing a synthesis of 10 qualitative validity schemes by Whittemore and colleagues, proposed four primary criteria and six secondary criteria. What is explicitness?

Accepted Answer

The answer of An alternative framework, representing a synthesis of...

Question 12

An alternative framework, representing a synthesis of 10 qualitative validity schemes by Whittemore and colleagues, proposed four primary criteria and six secondary criteria. What is integrity?

Accepted Answer

Integrity, in the context of qualitative research, refers to the researcher's ongoing self-scrutiny to ensure that their interpretations are valid and firmly based on the data. This involves a continuous process of reflection and examination of the data and the interpretive process to enhance the credibility and validity of the findings.

Question 13

An alternative framework, representing a synthesis of 10 qualitative validity schemes by Whittemore and colleagues, proposed four primary criteria and six secondary criteria. What is sensitivity?

Accepted Answer

Sensitivity refers to the degree to which an inquiry reflects respect and compassion for those being studied.

Question 14

Strategies for enhancing the quality of qualitative data as they are being collected include prolonged engagement. What is prolonged engagement?

Accepted Answer

Prolonged engagement refers to spending sufficient time in the field to understand the context and ensure comprehensive data coverage.

Question 15

What is triangulation?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is triangulation?
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Question 16

What is a strategy for enhancing quality during the coding and analysis of qualitative data?

Accepted Answer

Investigator triangulation involves using multiple researchers to analyze the data, which can enhance the quality by reducing individual bias and increasing the reliability of the findings.

Question 17

What is theory triangulation?

Accepted Answer

Theory triangulation involves using multiple theories or hypotheses to analyze and interpret data, allowing for a more comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon.

Question 18

What is the purpose of a peer briefing?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the purpose of a peer...

Question 19

A formal scrutiny of the research process and audit trial documents occurs by an independent external auditor. What is the term for this process?

Accepted Answer

An inquiry audit involves an external auditor examining the research process and audit trail documents to ensure the research's validity and reliability, similar to a financial audit but for research purposes.

Question 20

There is widespread agreement that qualitative researchers need to devote time and energy to analyzing and documenting their presuppositions, biases, and ongoing emotions. What commitment does this represent?

Accepted Answer

This represents a commitment to reflexivity, which involves reflecting on and critically examining one's own beliefs, values, and biases as they influence the research process.

Quiz 23: Trustworthiness and Integrity in Qualitative Research