A Nursing Student Is Preparing a Class Presentation About Changes

A nursing student is preparing a class presentation about changes in the various body systems during the postpartum period and their effects. Which of the following would the student include as influencing a postpartum woman's ability to void? (Select all that apply.)

A) Use of an opioid anesthetic during labor
B) Generalized swelling of the perineum
C) Decreased bladder tone from regional anesthesia
D) Use of oxytocin to augment labor
E) Need for an episiotomy