A Father, Seeing His 3-Year-Old Son Playing in the Garden

A father, seeing his 3-year-old son playing in the garden, ran up and picked him up by both hands and swung him around in a circle. The child's enjoyment suddenly turned to tears, and he said his left elbow hurt. On examination, the child held his left elbow joint semiflexed and his forearm pronated.
-The following statements concerning this case are consistent with the diagnosis of dislocation of the superior radioulnar joint except which?

A) The head of the radius was pulled out of the anular ligament.
B) At age 3 years, the child's anular ligament has a large diameter and the head of the radius can easily be pulled out of the ligament by traction.
C) The incidence of this condition is equal in both sexes.
D) The pain from the joint caused reflex contraction of the surrounding muscles to protect the joint from further movement.
E) The subluxation of the joint can be treated by pulling downward on the forearm and at the same time performing the movement of pronation and supination. Finally, the elbow joint is flexed and held in that position.