Question 1

Kurt Lewin's three-step process of force-field analysis includes

Accepted Answer

Kurt Lewin's three-step process of force-field analysis includes unfreezing, changing, and refreezing. This model is used to understand how to implement change within organizations by first reducing the forces that maintain the organization's current behavior (unfreezing), then initiating the change (changing), and finally solidifying the new state to make the change permanent (refreezing).

Question 2

The human resource director was fearful of employee backlash and other opposition to her plan to change the employee retirement plan. Before making any changes, the human resource director decided to first examine who may support or oppose the new plan. This action can be called

Accepted Answer

Force-field analysis is a technique developed by Kurt Lewin to analyze the forces that are in favor of or against a change, helping to identify the sources of resistance and support before implementing the change.

Question 3

Kurt Lewin's three-step process of force-field analysis includes __________, changing, and refreezing.

Accepted Answer

Kurt Lewin's three-step process of force-field analysis includes unfreezing, changing, and refreezing. Unfreezing involves preparing an organization to accept that change is necessary.

Question 4

In force-field analysis, developing an initial awareness of the need for change and the forces supporting and resisting change is referred to as

Accepted Answer

Unfreezing is the first step in Lewin's change management model, where the goal is to create an awareness of how the current state can be improved and to understand the forces that support and resist the change. This step involves preparing an organization to accept that change is necessary.

Question 5

William Peters, the CEO of Timeshare Inc., is developing initial awareness of the need for some changes within his organization and of the forces supporting and resisting that change. This step in Lewin's force-field analysis is referred to as

Accepted Answer

Unfreezing is the first step in Lewin's change model, where an organization becomes aware of the need for change, recognizing the forces that support and resist the change. This step involves preparing the organization to accept that change is necessary.

Question 6

Robert Cline, the CEO of Airborne Freight, knows that the first step in the process of change is developing an initial awareness of the need for change and the forces supporting and resisting change. According to force-field analysis, this step is referred to as

Accepted Answer

Unfreezing is the first step in the process of change according to force-field analysis. It involves developing an awareness of the need for change by understanding the forces that support and resist the change. This step is crucial for preparing an organization to accept the change.

Question 7

In the context of force-field analysis, unfreezing only occurs if

Accepted Answer

Unfreezing occurs when the driving forces, which push for change, outweigh the restraining forces, which resist change. This imbalance is necessary to overcome the status quo and initiate change.

Question 8

Which of the following constitutes the correct ordering of the steps for planned change?

Accepted Answer

The correct ordering of steps for planned change typically involves creating a vision to direct the change, communicating the vision to get buy-in, empowering employees to enable them to contribute to the change, institutionalizing the changes to make them part of the organizational culture, and evaluating the changes to ensure they have been effective and to make adjustments as necessary.

Question 9

Recently, the top managers of PAX Southern decided to modify their organizational structure and culture as a result of the increasing diversity of their workforce. This is an illustration of change initiated in response to __________ forces in an organization.

Accepted Answer

The decision by PAX Southern's top managers to modify their organizational structure and culture due to the increasing diversity of their workforce is an example of change initiated in response to internal forces. Internal forces for change originate from within the organization and can include shifts in employee demographics, organizational restructuring, or changes in organizational culture.

Question 10

For the past six months, IBX Corporation has tried to gain support for major organizational change but has run into resistance from a number of key employees. Some employees genuinely believe that change is not in their own best interests. Others are threatened by change and assess the consequences of the proposed changes in a totally different way from those who are initiating it. These types of resistance to change are referred to

Accepted Answer

The resistance described is referred to as "restraining forces," which are factors that prevent or hinder movement towards a desired state of change. These forces can stem from individuals' perceptions, beliefs, and attitudes towards the proposed changes.

Question 11

According to force-field analysis, the step in the change process focusing on reinforcing and rewarding the new behaviors, is referred to as

Accepted Answer

Refreezing is the stage in Lewin's change model where new behaviors are reinforced and stabilized, ensuring that the change is solidified into the organization's culture and practices.

Question 12

The managers of Cropdust Inc. are in the process of focusing the attention of all of their employees on learning the behaviors that will be required to support their change effort. According to force-field analysis, this second step in the change process is referred to as

Accepted Answer

In force-field analysis, the second step in the change process is "changing," where employees learn and adopt new behaviors to support the change effort.

Question 13

Bright Star Entertainment is in the midst of a major organizational change. Presently, the employees of the firm are focusing on learning newly required behaviors. In the context of force-field analysis, what step in the change process is Bright Star currently experiencing?

Accepted Answer

Changing is the step in the force-field analysis process where employees learn new behaviors or skills as part of an organizational change. This phase follows unfreezing (where readiness for change is created) and precedes refreezing (where new behaviors are solidified into the organization's culture).

Question 14

The third aspect of force-field analysis centers on reinforcing new behaviors, usually by positive results, feelings of accomplishment, or rewards from others. This step is referred to as

Accepted Answer

Refreezing is the correct term used in force-field analysis for the step that centers on reinforcing new behaviors through positive results, feelings of accomplishment, or rewards from others. This step ensures that the changes made are solidified into the organization's culture.

Question 15

The managers at Strait Industries are focusing on reinforcing the new behaviors that are necessary to solidify recent changes the company has made. This step in Lewin's force-field analysis is referred to as

Accepted Answer

Refreezing is the stage in Lewin's change model where new behaviors are solidified into the organization's culture after a change has been implemented. This step ensures that the changes made are maintained over time.

Question 16

Before implementing a new compensation plan at her school, Principal Licciardi first secured the school board's permission. Then she reinforced the new desired behaviors of her faculty. Finally, she evaluated the degree of change found in her teachers' behavior. All of these actions are important activities to support the __________ step in force-field analysis.

Accepted Answer

Refreezing is the step in force-field analysis where new behaviors are reinforced and made stable after a change has been implemented, which aligns with Principal Licciardi's actions of securing permission, reinforcing desired behaviors, and evaluating changes.

Question 17

__________ is a process that involves developing an initial awareness of the need for change and the forces supporting and resisting change.

Accepted Answer

Unfreezing is the first step in Lewin's change management model, which involves preparing an organization to accept that change is necessary. This includes increasing awareness about the current ways of working and the reasons why change is needed.

Question 18

In this step for planned change, management establishes the criteria for success and monitors changes.

Accepted Answer

Evaluation involves establishing criteria for success and monitoring the changes to assess if the goals are being met.

Question 19

In this step for planned change, a manager reinforces and rewards the new behaviors of his/her employees.

Accepted Answer

Institutionalizing the change involves reinforcing and rewarding the new behaviors to ensure they become part of the organizational culture. This step ensures that the changes are maintained over time.

Question 20

By __________, management attempts to gain support from employees and help them learn more about the changes.

Accepted Answer

Communicating with employees is essential for management to gain support and help them understand changes. It involves explaining the reasons for the change, how it will be implemented, and its expected benefits, thereby facilitating a smoother transition and greater acceptance among employees.

Quiz 10: Organizational Culture and Change