Because of Their Brand Names, Apple, Sony, BMW, Mercedes-Benz, and Other

Because of their brand names, Apple, Sony, BMW, Mercedes-Benz, and other well-known firms are able to charge significantly higher prices for their products than their competitors without losing any business. Expenditures made by firms to create brand names

A) are always inefficient.
B) provide information to consumers.
C) lead to monopolies.
D) leads to advertising wars.
E) would not exist if information were less costly for firms than consumers to obtain.