Question 1

Studies of individuals who "drop-out" of school suggest that

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that individuals who drop out of school may experience a reduction in their adult IQ. This could be due to a lack of stimulation and education during the critical developmental period of adolescence, which could have a negative impact on cognitive functioning in the long term.

Question 2

Regarding the studies in which children from low-income families were given enriched environments from early infancy through preschool,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

The statement that the IQ gains of the children who had received the enrichment decreased to their original levels five years later is false. Studies have shown that high-quality enrichment programs such as Head Start can prevent children from falling behind in school, and that enrichment in early childhood can have lasting effects on IQ scores and academic achievement. However, the exact amount of IQ gain and the duration of the effects depend on various factors, including the quality and intensity of the enrichment, the age and developmental stage of the child, and the ongoing educational and environmental factors that the child experiences.

Question 3

Flynn and Dickens found that during the last 30 years that the average IQ has

Accepted Answer

Flynn and Dickens found that the average IQ has increased by 15 points in 14 nations during the last 30 years. This trend is known as the Flynn Effect.

Question 4

Headstart is an example of a(n) __________ program.

Accepted Answer

Headstart is an early childhood education program that provides comprehensive services to children from low-income families.

Question 5

Programs that provide stimulating intellectual experiences,typically for disadvantaged preschoolers are known as __________ programs.

Accepted Answer

Early childhood education programs are specifically designed to provide intellectual experiences for disadvantaged preschoolers. These programs are geared towards preparing children for their elementary education by providing them with a strong foundation in literacy, numeracy, and social skills. The goal is to give them a head start in life so that they can succeed academically and socially. The other options, GATE, Instrumental Enrichment, and remediation tutorial, are not focused on providing stimulating intellectual experiences for disadvantaged preschoolers.

Question 6

Stephen Ceci found that people who "drop-out" of school in the eighth grade

Accepted Answer

Stephen Ceci found that people who "drop-out" of school in the eighth grade had no effect on their adult IQ regardless of the quality of the school.

Question 7

In the Skeels study,children with an intellectual disability were moved from an orphanage to a setting in which they could receive more personal attention.Their IQs,on average,

Accepted Answer

The Skeels study found that children with an intellectual disability who were moved from an orphanage to a setting with more personal attention and stimulation showed an average increase of 29 IQ points. This suggests that the extra attention and stimulation had a positive effect on their cognitive development.

Question 8

Studies in which children are exposed to more stimulating and educationally advantageous environments show that

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that exposing children to more stimulating and educationally advantageous environments can have a significant effect on intelligence. This suggests that environment plays a role in intelligence, rather than it being solely inherited or unchangeable.

Question 9

Studies on early childhood prorams for disadvantaged children have demonstrated that

Accepted Answer

Studies have demonstrated that early childhood programs for disadvantaged children lead to initial IQ gains that are maintained for several years, including up to seven years. This indicates that these programs can have a positive long-term impact on the cognitive development of children from disadvantaged backgrounds.

Question 10

Dr.Morgan wants to increase the IQ of disadvantaged children.Which of the following strategies have been found to increase and maintain IQ gains?

Accepted Answer

Early childhood education programs have been shown to have long-term effects on increasing and maintaining IQ gains in disadvantaged children. Other strategies may have some benefits, but they may not result in lasting IQ gains. The use of video games may increase motivation and skill levels, but it is unclear whether it results in actual IQ gains. Brief coaching on test-taking strategies may result in temporary increases in test scores, but it does not necessarily increase overall intelligence. After-school tutorial programs may provide academic support, but may not result in significant IQ gains.

Question 11

While one group of children with an intellectual disability was moved from an orphanage to a more stimulating environment,a second group of children who were less intellectually disabled stayed at the orphanage.This second group of children showed

Accepted Answer

The answer of While one group of children with an...

Question 12

According to Steven Johnson,which of the following is NOT one of the aspects of contemporary culture that have been responsible for increasing intelligence?

Accepted Answer

Steven Johnson does not mention the violent and sexual nature of popular media as a factor that increases intelligence.

Question 13

During the last 30 years,14 nations have shown average IQ gains of from five to 25 points with this phenomenon being known as the __________ effect.

Accepted Answer

The described phenomenon is known as the Flynn effect, named after researcher James Flynn who first identified it. It refers to the observed increase in average IQ scores around the world over the past several decades. The other choices are not relevant or accurate in this context.

Question 14

Tanya is about to take an IQ test at school.Her mother drills her on facts and has her work numerous mathematical problems during the week before.According to research,this brief coaching will have what effect on Tanya's IQ score?

Accepted Answer

Brief coaching and preparation before an IQ test may boost test-taking skills and reduce anxiety, but it does not increase intelligence or the potential for intellectual growth. IQ scores are relatively stable across time and less affected by external factors like test preparation or coaching. Therefore, the brief coaching may have little positive effect on Tanya's IQ score.

Question 15

Over the last 30 years,IQ boosts,averaging 15 points,have occurred in 14 countries in far too short a time to be explained by genetics.This environmental effect is known as the __________ effect.

Accepted Answer

This phenomenon is known as the Flynn effect, named after James Flynn who first identified it in the 1980s. It is a result of environmental factors such as improved access to education and nutrition, as opposed to genetic factors.

Question 16

The 15-point IQ gains that have occurred in 14 nations in the last 30 years reflect the influence of all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

The statement specifically states "EXCEPT" so we need to choose an option that does NOT reflect the reason for the increase in IQ. Genetics is not something that can change in the span of 30 years and therefore cannot be a reason for the increase in IQ in the 14 nations. The other options - improved education, improved nutrition, and living in a technologically complex society - can all contribute to an increase in IQ.

Question 17

According to Steven Johnson,today's video games,the Internet,and television

Accepted Answer

According to Steven Johnson, today's video games, the Internet, and television require greater cognitive effort, such as strategic thinking and problem-solving, and thus can increase our intelligence. Johnson argues that these modern media have evolved to challenge our minds and push us to think in new and creative ways, which can enhance our cognitive abilities over time. However, this argument assumes that these media are used in a balanced and productive way, and do not lead to overstimulation or addiction that could harm mental health.

Question 18

According to Steven Johnson,today's video games do all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

Steven Johnson argues that today's video games are not simple and repetitive in their visual experiences, but rather complex and immersive. He also emphasizes how modern video games often require players to use problem-solving skills and figure out the rules themselves, making them more engaging and stimulating for players. While some video games may have violent or sexual content, this is not the main focus of Johnson's argument.

Question 19

The 15-point IQ gains that have occurred in 14 nations in the last 30 years reflect the effects of

Accepted Answer

The 15-point IQ gains in 14 nations in the last 30 years are likely due to environmental factors such as improved education and nutrition. Genetics and immigration are unlikely to have such a widespread and rapid effect on IQ, and culture-fair intelligence testing is not likely to have caused such a significant increase in IQ scores.

Question 20

Regarding popular culture,which of the following is NOT one of the changes?

Accepted Answer

Today's television dramas are actually more complex and require more problem-solving than in the past. The rise of serialized storytelling and shows with multiple plot lines and character arcs has made television a more layered and intellectually stimulating medium.

Quiz 9: B: Intelligence