Question 1

Studies of prosocial behavior show that the more potential helpers present in an emergency,the more likely people are to get involved.

Accepted Answer

This statement is incorrect because of the bystander effect, which suggests that individuals are less likely to help in an emergency when there are more potential helpers present, due to a diffusion of responsibility.

Question 2

Overdisclosure often results in growing trust and intimacy and a tendency to respond in the same way.

Accepted Answer

Overdisclosure, especially early in a relationship, can overwhelm the other person and may lead to discomfort or withdrawal rather than increased trust and intimacy.

Question 3

The Implicit Association Test assesses one's bias toward others regarding race,age,gender,religion,disability,sexual orientation,and weight by measuring how long it takes a person to respond and categorize words.

Accepted Answer

The statement accurately describes the purpose and method of the Implicit Association Test.

Question 4

The marriage of two people who are similar to one another in age,race,values,religion,etc.is known as androgyny.

Accepted Answer

Androgyny refers to a blending of traditional gender roles and characteristics, it has nothing to do with age, race, values, or religion. The term used to describe the marriage of two people who are similar to one another in these aspects is homogamy or endogamy.

Question 5

Because their comparison level is lower,lonely persons,or those whose friendships have been marginal,might stay in a relationship that others with a higher comparison level might consider unacceptable.

Accepted Answer

Lonely individuals or those with marginal friendships might have lower expectations for relationships and may be more willing to stay in a relationship that others with higher expectations would consider unacceptable.

Question 6

Persons with authoritarian personalities think they are superior to everyone who is different,not just other ethnic groups.

Accepted Answer

Authoritarian personalities often exhibit a sense of superiority towards anyone who is different from them, be it in terms of race, ethnicity, religion, or even political beliefs. This is because they tend to view themselves as more righteous and deserving of power and control.

Question 7

Watching sporting events,such as a boxing match,drains off a person's aggressive urges.

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that watching aggressive sports can actually increase aggressive thoughts and feelings rather than reduce them.

Question 8

While male bullies are more likely to engage in direct aggression,female bullies tend to specialize in indirect aggression.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that while there are male bullies who engage in indirect aggression and female bullies who engage in direct aggression, overall, there is a higher prevalence of male bullies using direct aggression while female bullies tend to use indirect aggression such as gossiping, social exclusion, and spreading rumors.

Question 9

If a person is being robbed or assaulted,he or she should yell,"Fire" in order to be noticed by others,since bystanders who might run away from a robbery or an assault may rush to see where the fire is.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If a person is being robbed or...

Question 10

In the North American culture,most male friendships are activity based and provide companionship without closeness.

Accepted Answer

In North American culture, male friendships often revolve around shared interests or activities such as sports, fishing, or playing video games. While these friendships may provide a level of companionship and enjoyment, they often prioritize action over intimacy and emotional connection. Thus, they tend to be less close and emotionally intimate than female friendships or friendships in other cultures.

Question 11

According to Sternberg,a relationship in which commitment is based only on passion with the two partners not sharing any emotional connectedness is called empty love.

Accepted Answer

According to Sternberg, a relationship in which commitment is present but there is no intimacy or passion is called empty love.

Question 12

Exposure to mass media stimuli that have both violent and sexual content increases the audience's aggressive-sexual fantasies,beliefs in rape myths,and aggressive behavior.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown a correlation between exposure to violent and sexual media content and increased aggressive-sexual fantasies, beliefs in rape myths, and aggressive behavior. However, it is important to note that correlation does not necessarily imply causation and more research is needed to fully understand the relationship between media exposure and these behaviors.

Question 13

Empathic arousal is especially likely to motivate helping when the person in need seems to be different from ourselves.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Empathic arousal is especially likely to motivate...

Question 14

Relationships are most likely to persist when lovers idealize one another because,by doing so,the lovers are blinded to each other's faults,which helps them to create the relationship they wish for.

Accepted Answer

When partners idealize one another, they tend to overlook each other's faults and focus on their positive qualities. This creates a positive image of the partner and the relationship, which leads to increased satisfaction and commitment. However, it is important to note that idealization should not be extreme, and partners should still be aware of each other's imperfections and able to communicate openly and honestly about them.

Question 15

Alcohol causes relaxation and raises one's threshold to engage in aggression.

Accepted Answer

Alcohol is known to lower inhibitions and impair judgment, which can lead to an increase in aggressive behavior rather than a decrease in aggression.

Question 16

If Maggie has conflicting feelings of affection,anger,emotional turmoil,physical attraction,and doubt regarding her relationship with Greg,she would be described as having an avoidant attachment style.

Accepted Answer

The question only describes Maggie's feelings towards Greg, but it does not provide enough information to determine her attachment style. Attachment styles are determined by patterns of behavior in relationships, not just feelings towards one person.

Question 17

Physically attractive people are generally rated by other people as being cold,less likeable and less intelligent.

Accepted Answer

This statement is actually false. Research has actually found that physically attractive people are often rated more positively in terms of personality traits such as warmth, friendliness, and competence. However, there may be some negative stereotypes associated with attractive people such as being superficial or entitled.

Question 18

A prime example of the weapons effect is the fact that murders are more likely to occur in homes where guns are kept.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. Research has shown that the presence of guns in the home increases the risk of homicide, suicide, and unintentional shootings. This is known as the weapons effect, which refers to the phenomenon whereby the mere presence of weapons can increase aggression and violence.

Question 19

According to evolutionary psychologists,the differences between male and female mating patterns are primarily due to different reproductive challenges.

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary psychologists argue that due to the differences in reproductive challenges, males and females have developed different mating strategies. Males tend to compete for mates and pursue multiple partners, while females tend to be more selective and seek partners who can provide resources and protection for offspring. These differences are believed to have developed over time through natural selection to increase the reproductive success of males and females.

Question 20

According to Gordon Allport,if you show a negative attitude toward members of another group only because your friends or co-workers expect you to think about this group as they do,you are exhibiting a personal prejudice.

Accepted Answer

According to Gordon Allport, this scenario describes compliance or conformity to group norms rather than personal prejudice. Personal prejudice involves holding negative attitudes or emotions towards members of another group based on personal beliefs, not merely because of group expectations.

Quiz 17: C: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior