Maria and Jose have worked together in the same office in the same position for quite some time. They have similar educational backgrounds and have been in the job for about the same period of time. Maria works extremely hard and often notices that Jose is taking long breaks and not putting in the same effort as she is. Thus, when she learns that Jose is paid $8,000 more than what she earns, she gets very upset and decides to reduce her effort and take long breaks as well. Which of the following theories explains this behavior?
A) Expectancy theory
B) Equity theory
C) ERG theory
D) Goal-setting theory

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The behavior of Maria can be explained by the Equity Theory, which suggests that individuals compare their inputs (efforts, skills, experience, etc.) and outputs (pay, benefits, recognition, etc.) with others who share the same job or position. When they perceive an inequity (such as receiving less pay than someone else who is equally competent), they might decrease their effort or demand better compensation to restore a sense of fairness. In this case, Maria is reacting to the perceived inequity by reducing her effort and taking more breaks, which is a form of protest against the unfair situation she feels.

Maria and Jose Have Worked Together in the Same Office