Perestroika and glasnost, two domestic processes initiated by Mikhail Gorbachev and other Soviet reformers,

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Perestroika and glasnost were meant to reform and modernize the Soviet system, but they ultimately weakened it and contributed to its collapse. The reforms opened up the political and economic system to more transparency and public scrutiny, which exposed corruption and inefficiencies, and led to increasing demands for political and economic liberalization. This ultimately undermined the legitimacy of the Communist Party and the Soviet state, leading to its eventual dissolution.

Perestroika and Glasnost, Two Domestic Processes Initiated by Mikhail Gorbachev