Question 1

The myth that people with one kind of disability also have other disabilities is sometimes referred to as the:

Accepted Answer

The term "spread of disability" refers to the misconception that if a person has one disability, they are presumed to have additional disabilities. This myth can lead to stereotyping and incorrect assumptions about individuals' abilities.

Question 2

_____ is any of a group of hereditary diseases characterized by a progressive wasting of the muscles.

Accepted Answer

Muscular dystrophy is a genetic condition that causes the progressive weakening and breaking down of muscle tissue over time.

Question 3

The _____ renewed funding for four major grant programs on behalf of people with developmental disabilities.

Accepted Answer

The Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act of 1990 includes funding for grant programs aimed at helping people with developmental disabilities. It was renewed to continue funding these programs. The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 and Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004 are important laws related to disability rights, but they do not specifically address funding for grant programs related to developmental disabilities.

Question 4

_____ is a chronic condition in which a person's immune system attacks the joints, causing pain, inflammation, stiffness, swelling, and deterioration.

Accepted Answer

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disorder in which the body's immune system attacks the joints, causing inflammation, pain, stiffness, swelling, and deterioration. It commonly affects the small joints in hands and feet, but it can also affect other joints in the body.

Question 5

In the context of the roles of social workers, _____ refers to the linkage of clients to needed resources.

Accepted Answer

Brokering refers to the act of linking clients to needed resources, such as housing, healthcare, and financial assistance. This role involves identifying appropriate resources, developing relationships with community organizations and service providers, and effectively communicating the client's needs and goals to ensure they receive the necessary support. Case management refers to the broader process of coordinating and monitoring services to address a client's needs, while advocacy involves promoting social justice and working to change social policies that negatively impact clients.

Question 6

Which of the following is a blockage or hemorrhage of a blood vessel leading to the brain, causing an inadequate oxygen supply and often long-term impairment of sensation, movement, or functioning?

Accepted Answer

A stroke is a blockage or hemorrhage of a blood vessel leading to the brain, causing an inadequate oxygen supply and often long-term impairment of sensation, movement, or functioning. Muscular dystrophy, arthritis, and multiple sclerosis are not related to this condition.

Question 7

The treatment of people with developmental disabilities during the 1970s and early 1980s involved a(n):

Accepted Answer

The answer of The treatment of people with developmental disabilities...

Question 8

_____ is a disability involving problems in muscular control and coordination resulting from damage to the brain before it has matured, that is, before or during birth.

Accepted Answer

Cerebral palsy is a disability that affects a person's ability to control their muscles and movements due to damage to the brain before or during birth. Paraplegia is a specific form of paralysis that affects a person's lower body, while osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that typically occurs later in life and is not related to brain damage.

Question 9

_____ is an all-encompassing condition with characteristics such as intense inner directedness and obsession with objects, communication difficulties, repetitive self-stimulating movements, demonstration of cognitive deficits, and difficulties with sensory perception.

Accepted Answer

The given characteristics are typical of individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Epilepsy is a neurological condition characterized by recurrent seizures, while Muscular dystrophy is a genetic disorder that affects muscle strength and function.

Question 10

A disease of the brain tissue in which the myelin sheath (the fatty material wrapped around and insulating the parts of nerve cells that conduct nerve impulses in the brain to other nerve cells) deteriorates, thereby causing varying degrees of muscular dysfunction, paralysis, and muscle tremors is called:

Accepted Answer

Multiple sclerosis is a disease in which the myelin sheath around nerve cells in the brain deteriorates, causing various symptoms such as muscle weakness, tremors, and paralysis. Muscular dystrophy is a genetic disease that causes gradual weakness and degeneration of muscle fibers. Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease that causes muscle weakness and fatigue. Paraplegia is paralysis of the lower half of the body, usually caused by spinal cord injury or disease.

Question 11

_____ is a disease that affects the voluntary muscles (those controlled by one's will) in which nerve impulses are impaired, resulting in fatigue, weakness, and difficulties controlling muscles.

Accepted Answer

Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular disease that affects the communication between nerves and muscles, causing weakness and difficulty controlling movements. Muscular dystrophy is also a disease that affects muscle strength and function but is caused by genetic mutations that lead to muscle degeneration over time. Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease that primarily affects the joints, and multiple sclerosis is a neurological disease that affects the central nervous system, causing a wide range of symptoms including muscle weakness, fatigue, and difficulty with coordination.

Question 12

In the context of a consumer-centered approach, _____ is the condition in which clients grant permission for a social worker to undertake an intervention process after the worker clearly notifies the client of all the facts, risks, and alternatives involved.

Accepted Answer

Informed consent is the process by which clients are fully informed about the intervention process, including the risks, benefits, and alternatives, and agree to proceed. It is a fundamental ethical principle in social work and healthcare, ensuring that clients make knowledgeable decisions about their care.

Question 13

Which of the following statements is true of intellectual disabilities?

Accepted Answer

Intellectual disabilities are also known as mental retardation. They are characterized by significant limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behaviors that manifest before the age of 18. Symptoms such as lack of balance, weakness, and uncontrolled or restricted movements are usually associated with other conditions such as cerebral palsy, not intellectual disabilities. Causes of intellectual disabilities can include genetic factors, brain damage, and infections during pregnancy, among others, but not necessarily a lack of oxygen to the brain.

Question 14

In the context of deinstitutionalization, the intent of _____ is to place people in the least restrictive setting possible.

Accepted Answer

Community-based residential facilities are designed to provide individuals with an alternative to institutional care. These facilities allow individuals to live in the least restrictive setting possible while still receiving the care and support they need. This is consistent with the goal of deinstitutionalization, which aims to move people out of institutions and into the community. Respite care programs, self-determination programs, and vocational and employment programs may also be part of the process of deinstitutionalization, but they do not necessarily have the same focus on placing people in the least restrictive setting possible.

Question 15

_____ is an abrupt change in an individual's conscious state that may involve unconsciousness, convulsive motor activity, or sensory distortions caused by sudden bursts of electrical activity in some brain cells causing reactions in other brain cells.

Accepted Answer

The given description matches the definition of epilepsy, which is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Multiple sclerosis and arthritis are not related to sudden changes in conscious state or electrical activity in the brain.

Question 16

The term _____ refers to the belief that every person, even those with the most severe disabilities, should have life conditions and behavioral patterns that are as close as possible to those ordinarily experienced by others in the social and physical environment.

Accepted Answer

Normalization is a principle in which individuals with disabilities should be able to experience life conditions and behavioral patterns that are similar to those of their non-disabled peers. It emphasizes the importance of integration, normalization, and autonomy for individuals with disabilities. Self-determination (A) refers to the ability to make choices and control one's life, while individualization (B) emphasizes the need to tailor supports and services to the unique needs of each person. Autonomy (D) refers to the ability to make decisions and take actions independently. While all of these concepts are important in disability services, normalization is the most closely aligned with the description in the question.

Question 17

In the _____ that was used during the 1970s and 1980s, emphasis was placed not on the individual as a unique personality but rather on the assessed level of need and the designated services available to address that need.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the _____ that was used during...

Question 18

All of the following are attributes that characterize people with developmental disabilities except:

Accepted Answer

The statement "the disability occurs after the age of 35" is not true, as developmental disabilities typically present themselves at a young age and are present throughout an individual's life. The other attributes listed - severity and chronicity of impairment, need for lifelong support, and permanence of condition - are characteristic of developmental disabilities.

Question 19

_____ is the practice of moving people who require supportive care for physical or mental conditions from institutional settings into the community.

Accepted Answer

Deinstitutionalization is the specific term used to describe the practice of moving individuals from institutional settings (such as mental hospitals or nursing homes) into community-based settings. Normalization, individualization, and generalization are related concepts but do not specifically refer to this practice.

Question 20

During the 1990s and beyond, treatment of people with developmental disabilities involved an emphasis on:

Accepted Answer

In the 1990s and beyond, there was a shift towards consumer empowerment, which emphasized the rights and choices of individuals with developmental disabilities, as well as their ability to participate in decision-making about their own lives. This approach recognized that people with disabilities were not just passive recipients of services but active participants in their own lives. The individual pathology model, which focused on diagnosing and treating individual deficits, was becoming less popular. While the developmental model, which focuses on supporting individuals with disabilities through the stages of development, was still relevant, it was not the primary emphasis of the time period.

Quiz 11: Social Work and Services for People With Disabilities