Question 1

Which of the following theories focuses on the meaning of work and job satisfaction as a source of personal identity?

Accepted Answer

The interactionist theory focuses on how individuals attach meaning to their work and how job satisfaction shapes their personal identity. This theory emphasizes the importance of communication and interaction between colleagues and co-workers in shaping an individual's perception of their job and workplace. The other theories listed (functionalist, conflict, postmodern) do not specifically address the meaning of work and job satisfaction as a source of personal identity.

Question 2

In 2009,approximately how many of those working in managerial positions in Canada were women?

Accepted Answer

In 2009, women held approximately 37% of managerial positions in Canada.

Question 3

At Davidson Tooling Co.new employees are trained to perform a concise series of steps.What technique does this demonstrate?

Accepted Answer

The concise series of steps being taught to the new employees at Davidson Tooling Co. is an example of scientific management. Scientific management is a technique that emphasizes the use of scientific methods to optimize work processes and improve efficiency. This includes breaking down tasks into smaller, simpler steps and training workers to perform them in a standardized way.

Question 4

According to sociologist George Ritzer,Dairy Queen's use of a soft-drink dispenser with a sensor exemplifies which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to sociologist George Ritzer,Dairy Queen's use...

Question 5

At a sewing factory,Alice and her co-workers are paid for the number of blouses they produce.What is this system called?

Accepted Answer

The system where workers are paid for the number of units they produce is known as the piece-rate system. This is common in manufacturing and other production-oriented industries. The other options (A, B, and D) do not accurately describe this system.

Question 6

Which of the following employees likely has the greatest job satisfaction?

Accepted Answer

Jody feels she plays an important part in the outcome of her work, which can lead to a sense of accomplishment and job satisfaction. Options A, B, and C do not indicate a sense of ownership or fulfillment in their work.

Question 7

A nurse who has deep concern for her patients and does whatever possible to maintain their dignity,health,and safety is demonstrating which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Altruism refers to the practice of selflessly helping others and putting their needs above one's own. A nurse who prioritizes a patient's dignity, health, and safety demonstrates altruism by placing their well-being above other concerns. Self-regulation refers to a nurse's ability to regulate their behavior and emotions, autonomy refers to a patient's right to make decisions about their own care, and humanitarianism refers to a commitment to promoting human welfare and social justice. While all of these qualities are essential for nurses, altruism best captures the nurse's concern for their patients' well-being in this scenario.

Question 8

What has historically justified gender inequality in wages?

Accepted Answer

Historically, the view that men were breadwinners was widely held, which justified paying men higher wages than women. Men were seen as the primary providers for their families, while women were expected to be caregivers and homemakers. This view led to the belief that women didn't need to be paid as much as men since they were not responsible for supporting their families.

Question 9

Which of the following statements demonstrates the implications of Rosabeth Kanter's research?

Accepted Answer

Rosabeth Kanter's research shows that structural sources of gender bias are at work, meaning that societal systems and structures themselves perpetuate gender inequalities rather than just individual biases or prejudices.

Question 10

Who is most likely to resist gender equality?

Accepted Answer

Men who benefit from gender bias are more likely to resist gender equality as it threatens their existing privileges and power. Women who benefit from gender bias may also resist gender equality to protect their own power and status, but this is generally less common than male resistance. Both males and females who do not benefit from gender bias may support gender equality or remain neutral towards the issue.

Question 11

Alienation is most closely associated with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Alienation refers to a sense of isolation or feeling disconnected from one's work, and having very little power in one's job can contribute to this feeling. A, B, and C all suggest a positive relationship with one's work, which is not associated with alienation.

Question 12

How are categories of jobs that involve similar activities at different work sites classified?

Accepted Answer

Categories of jobs that involve similar activities at different work sites are classified as occupations. Occupations are groups of jobs that share common tasks, skills, and knowledge. Examples of occupations include teacher, lawyer, and nurse.

Question 13

Which of the following jobs is the most autonomous?

Accepted Answer

Lawyers usually work independently and have a high level of autonomy in their decision-making, case strategy, and client interactions. They have significant control over their daily activities and schedules. In contrast, iron workers, office managers, and factory shift supervisors all have varying levels of supervision and collaboration in their work.

Question 14

At a sporting manufacturing plant,stationed along a conveyer belt are hundreds of employees,each with a specific task to perform,ultimately contributing to the production of bicycles.This demonstrates which of the following?

Accepted Answer

This scenario describes Fordism, a production system developed by Henry Ford that introduced the use of assembly lines and division of labor to increase efficiency in manufacturing.

Question 15

What allows members of many professions to use their power to resist attempts by others to provide a service?

Accepted Answer

Legislation that gives members a monopoly on the provision of particular services allows them to resist attempts by others to provide the same services. This gives them the power to control who can provide the service and allows them to maintain their position of power within their profession. Professional license and status as professionals may also contribute to their power, but are not necessarily the primary factors allowing them to resist others providing the service. Workplace culture is not directly related to this issue.

Question 16

Why is the scientific management approach seen as contributing to the deskilling of work?

Accepted Answer

The scientific management approach involves breaking down complex tasks into smaller, more manageable steps that can be easily learned and replicated by anyone. This often leads to the deskilling of work, as workers are no longer required to have a specialized set of skills and can be easily replaced by others trained in the same procedures.

Question 17

Why is job satisfaction generally high among lawyers,doctors,and dentists?

Accepted Answer

Lawyers, doctors, and dentists typically have high levels of income, autonomy, and authority, which are key factors in job satisfaction. These professions also require a significant amount of specialized education and training, which can further contribute to job satisfaction. While there may be high levels of demands and responsibility, the rewards of these professions often outweigh the stress. Prestige and power may also be factors, but they are not as significant as income and autonomy.

Question 18

Which of the following control the operation of an organization?

Accepted Answer

Managers are responsible for planning, organizing, directing, and controlling the operations of an organization. They are in charge of setting goals, creating budgets, managing resources, and making decisions that affect the daily operations of the organization. While professionals, administrators, and supervisors can all play important roles in an organization, it is ultimately the managers who are responsible for coordinating these efforts and ensuring that the organization is operating efficiently and effectively.

Question 19

The ongoing struggle between workers and employers is of particular interest to what kind of theorist?

Accepted Answer

Conflict theorists view society as being divided into different groups with conflicting interests, including workers and employers. They see the struggle between these groups as a central feature of society and analyze how power and resources are distributed unevenly between them.

Question 20

Dr.George Davidson,a professor of chemistry,has what kind of occupation?

Accepted Answer

"A profession" is the most appropriate choice as Dr. George Davidson is described as a "professor of chemistry," indicating that his occupation falls under the category of a profession.

Quiz 19: The Economy and Work