Question 1

What theory is best suited to explore the impact of the amount of financial support,building space,and labour power the environmental movement has?

Accepted Answer

The theory of resource mobilization is best suited to explore the impact of the amount of financial support, building space, and labor power that the environmental movement has. This theory examines how social movements use resources to achieve their goals, including financial resources, human resources, and organizational resources. By analyzing how the environmental movement mobilizes and utilizes these resources, we can better understand the impact they have on achieving their objectives. The other options, such as new social movement, relative deprivation, and valued-added, do not focus specifically on the mobilization of resources and may not provide the same insights into the impact of resources on the environmental movement.

Question 2

The belief that a disproportionate number of hazardous facilities,such as chemical plants,are placed in low-income areas populated primarily by visible minorities is referred to as what?

Accepted Answer

This concept is known as environmental racism, where marginalized and low-income communities are more likely to bear the burden of environmental hazards and pollutants. It is a form of systemic discrimination that perpetuates environmental injustices. Option A (urban displacement) is not relevant to this context, B (eco-discrimination) is not a commonly used term, and D (racist pollution) is not a recognized concept.

Question 3

According to Anthony Orum,what is the best predictor of participation in a social movement?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Anthony Orum,what is the best...

Question 4

Which of the following theories looks at a diverse array of collective actions and the manner in which those actions are based in politics,ideology,and culture?

Accepted Answer

New social movement theory looks at the diverse array of collective actions and the manner in which those actions are based in politics, ideology, and culture. It focuses on social movements that emerge from non-economic issues, such as environmentalism or feminism, and how they challenge traditional forms of power and authority.

Question 5

Despite having fewer than 10 committed members,the Social Justice Group at Grant MacEwan University successfully raised approximately $10,000 in two years for charities and non-for-profits,including World Vision,the Red Cross,UNICER,and the Edmonton Inner City Children's Project.Which of the following theories would do a poor job of explaining the group's success?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Despite having fewer than 10 committed members,the...

Question 6

What is one major criticism of value-added theory?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is one major criticism of value-added...

Question 7

The assumption that social movements are an interactive,symbolically defined,and negotiated process that involves participants,opponents,and bystanders is characteristic of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Frame analysis examines how social movements use and construct symbolic meanings to mobilize participants, gain support from bystanders, and confront opponents. This assumption is an essential component of frame analysis. Resource mobilization focuses on the resources that social movements need to achieve their goals, relative deprivation emphasizes the perceived discrepancy between what individuals or groups have and what they think they deserve, and new social movement theories suggest that social movements are part of broader cultural and social changes.

Question 8

Refer to Scenario 1.Mothers' rights groups are examples of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Mothers' rights groups represent a collective effort to bring about social change on behalf of a marginalized group (mothers). This is the basis for a social movement, which involves sustained, organized efforts to challenge or support established norms, values, and policies. Riots, masses, and crowds do not necessarily involve a broader ideological or political agenda, nor do they always demonstrate an ongoing commitment to social change.

Question 9

What theory focuses on the process through which members of a social movement gather,trade,use,and occasionally waste resources as they seek to advance their cause?

Accepted Answer

The resource mobilization theory focuses on how social movements gather, trade, use, and sometimes waste resources to advance their cause. This theory emphasizes the importance of resources such as money, manpower, and organizational skills in the success of a social movement. It also looks at how social movements use tactics such as fundraising, networking, and media outreach to build momentum and gain support.

Question 10

Who developed value-added theory?

Accepted Answer

Value-added theory was developed by sociologist Neal Smelser.

Question 11

What is one major shortcoming of resource mobilization theory?

Accepted Answer

Resource mobilization theory overlooks the potential for social change initiated by groups with limited resources, focusing instead on the importance of resources for movement success. This perspective can underestimate the impact of grassroots movements and the innovative strategies they might employ to effect change.

Question 12

Such hypothetical groups as Environmental Action Now,Ecofeminists for Peace,and Enviro-Just would be examples of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

These hypothetical groups are examples of new social movements that focus on specific issues related to the environment and social justice. New social movements arise in response to changing social and political conditions and often emphasize identity, cultural change, and individual rights.

Question 13

Based on an analysis of 53 U.S.social protest groups ranging from labour unions to peace movements between 1800 to 1945,what did sociologist William Gamson conclude had strongly influenced each movement's chances of success?

Accepted Answer

William Gamson concluded that the organization and tactics of a movement strongly influenced its chances of success. While the presence of available resources, charismatic leaders, and communal bonding can be important factors, Gamson found that the ability of a movement to effectively organize and strategically use tactics such as protests and strikes were the most critical factors in determining success.

Question 14

What theory argues that certain conditions are necessary for the development of a social movement?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What theory argues that certain conditions are...

Question 15

According to Erving Goffman,which kind of framing occurs when a movement identifies a problem and attributes blame or causality to some group?

Accepted Answer

According to Goffman, this is an example of diagnostic framing.

Question 16

Which of the following assists us in thinking creatively about how we can contribute to the social issues discussed in the text?

Accepted Answer

The sociological imagination allows us to think creatively about how we can contribute to social issues by considering the larger social context and how individual actions and social structures are interconnected. Scientific methodology may help us gather data and information about social issues, but it does not necessarily guide us in generating creative solutions. Global technology and the physical environment may also play a role in addressing social issues, but they do not directly assist in thinking creatively about how to contribute to them.

Question 17

Before a social movement develops,people must become aware of a significant problem and have the opportunity to engage in collective action.This illustrates what sociologist Neal Smelser referred to as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Neal Smelser's concept of structural conduciveness refers to the social conditions that make a social movement possible, including the presence of a significant problem and the availability of opportunities for collective action. The other options - structural strain, spread of generalized belief, and precipitating factors - are also components of Smelser's theory but do not directly address the initial conditions necessary for a social movement to form.

Question 18

According to Neal Smelser,when a society or community is unable to meet people's expectations that something should be done about a problem,a social movement may develop.How does he refer to this condition?

Accepted Answer

Neal Smelser refers to this condition as "structural strain" which occurs when there is a discrepancy between expectations and the actual opportunities available within a society or community. This creates a tension or strain that can lead to the development of a social movement seeking to address the problem.

Question 19

Who is more likely to participate in a social movement,Jason,who is a member of Greenpeace,or Kathy,who has always been passionate about animals and wants to be an animal rescuer?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Who is more likely to participate in...

Question 20

Sociologist Stella M.Capek's study of a contaminated landfill in the Carver Terrace neighbourhood of Texarkana,Texas,had which of the following main findings?

Accepted Answer

According to the question, Stella M. Capek's study of a contaminated landfill in the Carver Terrace neighbourhood of Texarkana, Texas, found that residents were able to symbolically link their issue to an environmental justice framework and win a federal buyout and relocation. This means that they were able to understand their situation as a matter of social injustice and mobilize politically to achieve a positive outcome. Therefore, choice B is the best answer.

Quiz 22: Collective Behavior, social Movements, and Social Change