Question 1

A preconceived negative judgment of a group and its individual members is a(n)

Accepted Answer

Prejudice refers to a preconceived negative judgment or attitude towards a group or its individual members. Stereotype refers to a standardized and simplified image or idea of a group or its individual members. Discrimination refers to treating people unfairly because of their membership in a particular group. Emotion is a broad term referring to subjective feelings or states of being.

Question 2

The tendency of people to get what they deserve and deserve what they get is called the

Accepted Answer

The just-world phenomenon refers to the belief that people generally get what they deserve and deserve what they get. This belief can lead individuals to blame victims for their misfortunes and attribute their own success solely to their own abilities and hard work.

Question 3

Albert sees a great deal of difference between all of his fraternity brothers but thinks that all sorority girls are the same.Albert's beliefs are best explained by

Accepted Answer

The outgroup homogeneity effect is the tendency to perceive members of an outgroup as more similar to each other than members of one's own ingroup. In this case, Albert sees all sorority girls as the same, which is an example of the outgroup homogeneity effect.

Question 4

Kevin has just met Fred,a White American teenage boy.Kevin assumes that Fred would not be a good basketball player because "white men can't jump." This is an example of

Accepted Answer

Stereotyping is the act of making assumptions about a group of people based on the characteristics of the group. In this case, Kevin is assuming that Fred is a bad basketball player solely because he is a white male, which is a stereotype. Prejudice is a negative and unjustified feeling towards a group or an individual, whereas discrimination is treating people differently based on their ethnicity, race, gender, or other characteristics. Sexism is a form of discrimination that involves treating people unfairly based on their gender. None of the other options fit the scenario described.

Question 5

Bill is often described as judgmental,ethnocentric,and punitive.He believes in strict obedience to authority and is intolerant of weakness in others.Which of the following statements would likely be true of Bill?

Accepted Answer

Bill's belief in strict obedience to authority and intolerance of weakness in others are both characteristics of an authoritarian personality. This type of personality is defined by a belief in traditional values, strict obedience to authority figures, and a tendency to be punitive towards those who do not conform to their beliefs.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT an example of subtle prejudice?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is NOT an...

Question 7

Persons high in _____ tend to view people in terms of status hierarchies-with themselves being at the top.

Accepted Answer

Social dominance orientation refers to a belief system in which individuals view social groups as hierarchically ordered and advocate for their own group to be dominant over others. This includes viewing oneself as higher in status compared to other groups.

Question 8

In which of the following situations are people LEAST likely to experience ingroup bias?

Accepted Answer

Ingroup bias is less likely when the ingroup is in the majority because the need to differentiate from the outgroup is reduced, and the sense of threat or competition is minimized.

Question 9

People who move to a region of the country where racism is unknown,students who attend a college that prizes multicultural values,and children raised by open-minded parents all become less prejudiced.These findings support a(n)____ explanation of prejudice.

Accepted Answer

The findings suggest that socialization plays a role in reducing prejudice, as exposure to diverse populations and values that promote acceptance and respect for others can lead to a decrease in prejudiced attitudes.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a social source of prejudice?

Accepted Answer

Social identity theory is actually a theoretical perspective that helps explain how group membership and social categorization can lead to prejudice, so it is not a source of prejudice in and of itself. Unequal status, socialization, and institutional support are all social sources of prejudice because they involve power dynamics and social norms that contribute to biased attitudes and behaviors towards certain groups.

Question 11

Stereotype threat explains why

Accepted Answer

Stereotype threat refers to the phenomenon where individuals who are aware of negative stereotypes about their group may perform poorly on tasks that are perceived to be indicative of that stereotype. For example, women who are aware of the stereotype that women are not good at math may perform worse on a math test compared to men, even if they are equally skilled.

Question 12

A person is labeled as ______ if they believe in the superiority of his/her own ethnic and cultural group and shows disdain for all other groups.

Accepted Answer

The term "ethnocentric" refers to the belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic or cultural group and the tendency to view other groups through the lens of one's own culture. This can lead to a disdain for other cultures and promote biases and prejudices towards other groups.

Question 13

Targets for displaced aggression are commonly referred to as

Accepted Answer

Displaced aggression involves directing aggression towards a target that is not the actual source of the frustration or conflict. These targets are often innocent and chosen because they are easy to attack or blame. Such targets are commonly referred to as "scapegoats."

Question 14

Which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

Measures of automatic attitudes (such as implicit association tests) have shown that people may hold more implicit biases and prejudices than they are willing to admit on surveys or in explicit self-reports. This suggests that surveys may underestimate the amount of prejudice in America. Options A, B, and D are not supported by research and/or are overly generalizing.

Question 15

In which situation are people LEAST likely to rely on stereotypes?

Accepted Answer

When people are calm, they are more likely to think critically and approach situations in a more rational and logical manner, which reduces their reliance on stereotypes. In contrast, being short on time, tired, or preoccupied can increase cognitive load, making it easier for people to rely on mental shortcuts such as stereotypes.

Question 16

On the reality television show "Survivor," two tribes compete for luxuries such as food and shelter.During such challenges,one group's success becomes another group's failure.According to _____,such dynamics may breed prejudice.

Accepted Answer

The situation described in the question fits with the realistic group conflict theory, which suggests that intergroup conflict arises when groups compete for limited resources, and one group's success becomes another's failure, leading to negative attitudes and behaviors towards the other group. This can lead to the development of prejudice and hostility towards the out-group, in this case, the other tribe on the show "Survivor." The other options are not as relevant to the scenario described in the question.

Question 17

Elvis is a gay man.He believes that every time he speaks people interpret his opinions in terms of his homosexuality and expects to be the victim of prejudice of discrimination.Which of the following best describes Elvis?

Accepted Answer

Elvis is very stigma conscious because he is aware and expects that others will interpret his opinions through the lens of his sexual orientation, anticipating prejudice or discrimination.

Question 18

Beth believes that all sorority members are unintelligent and self-centered.After meeting Kim who as a 4.0 GPA and spends 20 hours each week volunteering to help the disabled children Beth says "well,she's the exception to the rule." This is an example of

Accepted Answer

This is an example of subtyping, where Beth creates a subcategory for Kim that doesn't fit with her overall stereotype of sorority members. Instead of changing her stereotype, she sees Kim as an exception to the rule.

Question 19

Vince and Wanda are both members of the high school band.Vince plays tuba and Wanda plays the flute.Vince believes that the brass section is the strongest section of the band while Wanda believes the woodwinds are the most important section.Vince and Wanda's beliefs are best explained in terms of

Accepted Answer

Vince and Wanda's beliefs are based on their identification with their respective sections in the band, reflecting their ingroup biases. They are likely to view their own section more positively and believe it to be the strongest or most important.

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of benevolent sexism?

Accepted Answer

Choice A is an example of benevolent sexism as it portrays women as more morally elevated than men. This can be seen as a form of patronizing sexism that reinforces gender stereotypes and restricts the freedom of individuals to pursue their interests.

Quiz 9: Prejudice: Disliking Others