Martha was promised a 10% raise if she wins a contract with the city government.Martha could use the money to pay off some debts.However, she happens to know that another company already has informally won the contract.There is a very slim chance that she could win the contract away from the other organization, but she does not believe she can do it.According to expectancy theory, Martha is unmotivated to try to win the contract because she lacks __________.
A)valence
B)instrumentality
C)expectancy
D)significance
E)confidence

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

According to expectancy theory, motivation is a product of valence, expectancy, and instrumentality. In this scenario, Martha values the 10% raise (valence), but she lacks belief that extra effort will result in winning the contract (expectancy), thus impacting her motivation. However, significance and confidence are not relevant factors to Martha's decision-making in this context.

Martha Was Promised a 10% Raise If She Wins a Contract