Question 1

If underlying causes were listed on autopsy reports, which of the following would be the most common cause of unnecessary death in the United States?

Accepted Answer

Smoking has been identified as the most important preventable cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States.

Question 2

Which of the following best describes where health care dollars in the United States be focused to improve breast cancer cure rates?

Accepted Answer

Early detection can promote a cure, whereas late detection typically ensures a poor prognosis. The differences in the outcomes between women of color and white women point to issues associated with early detection, access to health care, and follow-up by a regular care provider.

Question 3

Which of the following behaviors results in men being less healthy than women?

Accepted Answer

A major obstacle to improving men's health is their apparent reluctance to consult their primary care provider. Men are not well connected to the health care system. Men do not participate in health care at the same level as women, apparently because of the traditional masculine gender role learned through socialization (Bonhomme, 2007). Only 57% of U.S. men see a doctor, nurse practitioner, or physician assistant compared with 74% of women (AHRQ, 2010).

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the current research findings related to the use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT)?

Accepted Answer

HRT does not prevent heart disease. To prevent heart disease women should avoid smoking, reduce fat and cholesterol intake, limit salt and alcohol, maintain a healthy weight, and be physically active.

Question 5

A school nurse wants to decrease the rate of obesity among children. Which of the following actions in the community would be most effective?

Accepted Answer

Interventions need to be based on goals of lifestyle changes for the entire family. The goal is to modify the way the family eats, exercises, and plans daily activities. Although it is important to teach nutrition, exercise, and proper food choice, if the family does not, for example, prepare the proper foods from which they can choose, the knowledge of the child is insignificant.

Question 6

A nurse would like to learn more about the overall health of a population. Which of the following indicators would the nurse most likely use?

Accepted Answer

Life expectancy is a measure that is often used to gauge the overall health of a population.

Question 7

A mother says, "My son wants me to let him buy a car. I must admit, I certainly get tired of driving him around to all his sports and other activities. Do you think I should let him have a car?" Which of the following statements would be the best response by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

Motor vehicle-related injuries and violence are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality for adolescents. Males are more likely to take risks, and injury death rates for boys are twice as high as those for girls. Thus, the response by the nurse should take these factors into consideration in response and encourage the mother to individualize her decision for her son.

Question 8

A nurse wants to establish a program to decrease the death rate among adolescents. Which of the following programs should be developed?

Accepted Answer

Motor vehicle accidents are the leading cause of death among children and teenagers.

Question 9

A nurse is performing a health assessment on a young adult female. Which of the following comments by the client would cause the nurse to be concerned?

Accepted Answer

A number of factors contribute to depression, including being female, having a family history of depression, unemployment, and chronic disease. All the options represent a loss, either potential or actual, but the statement about not caring about anything represents an actual symptom of depression.

Question 10

Which of the following situations would most likely indicate elder abuse?

Accepted Answer

Theft or mismanagement of money or resources is an element of abuse.

Question 11

A nurse is new to the community but wants to begin planning immediately for health promotion programs. Even though the nurse does not yet know the community, which of the following programs would be good to plan first?

Accepted Answer

Heart disease is one of the most significant public health problems in the United States, responsible for premature mortality and disability. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the United States. Good nutrition and exercise programs, while both good health promotion programs, are too narrow in focus to represent the greatest need in the community. Cancer is the second leading cause of death so may be the nurse's second focus.

Question 12

Which of the following children is most at risk for being abused?

Accepted Answer

Children under the age of 4 years and children with special needs are at highest risk for abuse.

Question 13

A nurse is providing contraceptive counseling to a female client. Which of the following is the most appropriate outcome of this counseling?

Accepted Answer

The goal of contraceptive counseling is to ensure that women have appropriate instruction to make informed choices about reproduction. The nurse should provide a nonjudgmental approach during counseling and allow the woman to choose the appropriate contraceptive method. Nurses do advocate for reproductive services for women, but that is not a goal of contraceptive counseling. Reduction in the health risks of the individual is a goal of pre-conceptual counseling.

Question 14

A woman needs to take some time off from work to care for her invalid mother. Which of the following health policies allows her to take an extended leave from work to care for a family member?

Accepted Answer

The FMLA provides job protection and continuous health benefits where applicable for eligible employees who need extended leave for their own illness or to care for a family member.

Question 15

A client has designated someone else to make health care decisions when he or she is unable to do so. Which of the following methods is the client using to make health care decisions?

Accepted Answer

Durable medical power of attorney is the legal way for a client to designate someone else to make health care decisions when he or she is unable to do so.

Question 16

A nurse wants to establish a program to decrease the death rate among children. Which of the following health problems should be the target of this program?

Accepted Answer

Injuries are the number one cause of death for children (and young adults up to age 21 years) in the United States. Injuries and accidents are the most important causes of preventable disease, disability, and death among children. Most are preventable. Obesity, although a significant problem, is not a common cause of death in children.

Question 17

A community health nurse is planning to implement an intervention to reduce the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases in the community. Which of the following actions would most likely be taken by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

The goal of Healthy People 2020 is to promote responsible sexual behaviors, strengthen community capacity, and increase access to quality services to prevent sexually transmitted diseases and their complications. Nursing activities should align with these goals.

Question 18

Which statement about eating disorders is correct?

Accepted Answer

Those with bulimia are usually concerned with the shape and weight of their body. Those with anorexia view themselves as normal or overweight, purging is associated with bulimia, and anorexia is considered to have more complications than bulimia.

Question 19

Which of the following is of the greatest concern for the nurse who works with high school students?

Accepted Answer

Motor vehicle-related injuries and violence are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality for adolescents. Thus, this would be the greatest concern for the nurse working with high school students.

Question 20

A nurse is providing pre-conceptual counseling to a young woman. Which of the following supplements would the nurse most likely recommend?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that intake of folic acid can significantly reduce the occurrence of serious and often fatal neural tube defects by 50% to 70%. A recommendation was made that women capable of or planning a pregnancy take 0.4 to 0.8 mg of folic acid daily (USPSTF, 2009).

Quiz 20: Health Risks Across the Life Span