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Principles of Microeconomics Study Set 1
Quiz 3: The Market at Work: Supply and Demand
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Question 121
Essay
At the farmer's market in Irvine,California,the price of avocados is set at $3 each.At that price,120 avocados are supplied but only 100 are purchased.Represent this on a supply and demand graph and answer the following questions: a. Is there a shortage or surplus of avocados? How much is the shortage or surplus? b. Without any government intervention, what will happen to the price and quantity of avocados? c. Represent part b on a graph.
Question 122
Essay
You are given the following demand schedule:
a. Graph the information from this demand schedule.Be sure to label everything. b. Graph the following demand schedule:
c. What happened to the demand curve? d. List five things that could make the demand curve reflect your answer in part
Question 123
Essay
Using a supply and demand graph,show what happens to the equilibrium price and quantity for the following goods if,holding all else constant,income increases: a. a normal good b. an inferior good
Question 124
Essay
Answer the following questions about a market that is perfectly competitive: a. If the price is above the equilibrium price, would there be a shortage or a surplus? b. What will happen if the price is below the equilibrium price? c. During a shortage, how does the market respond until it once again reaches equilibrium?
Question 125
Essay
Using a supply and demand model,show what happens to the equilibrium price and equilibrium quantity in the market for bananas if,holding all else constant,a study comes out that says eating bananas causes cardiac problems.
Question 126
Essay
Without using a graph,explain the difference between a movement along a demand curve and a shift in the entire demand curve.
Question 127
Essay
Using a supply and demand model,show what happens to the equilibrium price and equilibrium quantity in the market for cigarettes when the government imposes a tax on their production.
Question 128
Essay
In 1985,International Data Corp.(IDC) estimated that 3.7 million desktop computers had been sold at an average price of $1,054.In 2000,the number sold in the United States had risen to 132 million,with the average price decreasing to $700.The change in individuals' tastes and preferences has increased their demand for computers.Explain how the price of computers dropped over the 15-year period from 1985 to 2000.
Question 129
Essay
You are given the following supply schedule:
a. Graph the information from the supply schedule.Be sure to label everything. b. Now graph the following supply schedule:
c. What happened to the supply curve? d. List five things that could make the supply curve reflect your answer in part
Question 130
Essay
Using a supply and demand model,show what happens to the equilibrium price and equilibrium quantity in the market for bagels if,holding all else constant,the price of cream cheese decreases.
Question 131
Essay
Use the accompanying graph to answer the following questions.
a. What is the equilibrium price and equilibrium quantity in this market? b. Draw an increase in demand and explain what happens to the equilibrium price and equilibrium quantity. c. This is a special type of supply curve that we call an inelastic supply curve.What special property does it have?
Question 132
Essay
After the invention of the cotton gin in 1793,shirt production became more efficient.If everything else remained constant and this production efficiency was the only change that affected the supply and demand for shirts,what would you expect to happen to the equilibrium price and equilibrium quantity? Use a supply and demand graph to supplement your explanation.
Question 133
Essay
Compare and contrast the following sets of words: a. normal good versus inferior good b. substitute good versus complementary good c. a supply curve versus a supply schedule d. the law of demand versus the law of supply